Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: układ krążenia i oddechowy: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which three symptoms are classic in severe aortic stenosis?

1. ACalf pain, leg swelling and redness of one leg
2. BWheeze, cough and clear sputum
3. CFever, painful swollen joints and a spreading skin rash
4. DExertional chest pain, fainting and breathlessness

What is the main cause of COPD in high-income countries?

1. AChildhood asthma
2. BA viral infection
3. CCigarette smoking
4. DEating too much salt

Jaki jest zwykły docelowy zakres INR u pacjenta przyjmującego warfarynę z powodu migotania przedsionków?

1. A4,0–5,0
2. B0,5–1,0
3. C1,0–1,5
4. D2,0–3,0

Which finding shows that long-standing hypertension has caused target organ damage?

1. AA normal fasting glucose
2. BA heart rate of 72/min
3. CLeft ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG
4. DClear lung fields on the chest X-ray

Pacjent z nadciśnieniem przyjmuje amlodypinę. Jakie działanie niepożądane pielęgniarka najprawdopodobniej zaobserwuje?

1. AObrzęk kostek
2. BŚwisty
3. CSuchy, drażniący kaszel
4. DHiperkaliemię

Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
2. BSoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
3. CRub the fingers hard with snow during an attack
4. DTake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors

A patient with end-stage COPD has severe breathlessness at rest despite optimal treatment and wants comfort-focused care. Which measure is recognised to help?

1. AHigh-flow oxygen at 15 L/min whatever the oxygen saturation is
2. BStopping all medicines, including inhalers
3. CA low-dose opioid with a hand-held fan and calm positioning
4. DEncouraging long walks to build fitness

A patient with a valid, documented do-not-attempt-CPR decision (DNACPR in the UK, DNR or DNAR in the US) is found in cardiac arrest. What should the nurse do?

1. ANot start CPR, call for support, and provide dignity and comfort
2. BCall the arrest team and let them decide whether to resuscitate
3. CStart CPR but use only chest compressions
4. DStart full CPR because the patient's family is not present