Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Why does a low serum albumin contribute to oedema?

1. AIt causes the heart to pump more blood into the legs
2. BIt raises blood pressure and pushes fluid into the kidneys
3. CIt blocks the lymph vessels in the abdomen
4. DIt lowers oncotic pressure, so fluid leaks into tissues

What is the main aim of palliative care?

1. AOnly providing care in the last hour of life
2. BImproving quality of life for people with serious illness
3. CCuring the disease at any cost, whatever the side effects
4. DReplacing all other medical treatment

Where should a diathermy return electrode (plate) be placed?

1. AOver a bony area such as the hip bone
2. BOn skin covered with spirit-based prep that is still wet
3. COn clean, dry skin over a well-perfused muscle
4. DOver a metal joint replacement

Co jest pierwszym priorytetem, gdy pacjent trafia na salę wybudzeń po znieczuleniu ogólnym?

1. ADrogi oddechowe i oddychanie
2. BWywiad lekowy
3. COpatrunek rany i dreny
4. DNapicie się wody

Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?

1. ASit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
2. BEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining
3. CEat less fibre so that stools are smaller
4. DTake a codeine-based painkiller every day

Which finding means a patient is usually ready to leave recovery for the ward?

1. AAwake, with a clear airway, stable observations and controlled pain
2. BStill drowsy and needing a jaw thrust to breathe
3. CPain score 9/10 and vomiting repeatedly
4. DSystolic BP falling steadily over the last hour, with a rising pulse rate

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. ANormal ageing; no action needed
2. BRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
3. CA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
4. DA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG

A patient with gallstones has a temperature of 39 °C with rigors, jaundice and right upper abdominal pain. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AUncomplicated reflux
2. BSimple biliary colic
3. CAcute hepatitis A
4. DAscending cholangitis