Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Która tkanka w gojącej się ranie jest czerwona, wilgotna i ziarnista?

1. AŻółta tkanka rozpadowa („slough”)
2. BSucha strup (eschar)
3. CTkanka ziarninowa
4. DTkanka martwicza

Which finding describes a category 1 pressure ulcer?

1. AIntact skin with redness that does not blanch
2. BA shallow open wound with a red-pink base and no slough
3. CAn open wound with visible bone at the base
4. DA wound covered with thick black eschar

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ABecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
2. BBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
3. CBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason
4. DSo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately

Dlaczego jest ważne, gdy pacjent przyjmujący opioidy staje się bardziej senny?

1. ASedacja jest nieszkodliwym i oczekiwanym działaniem wszystkich opioidów
2. BSedacja oznacza, że ból jest teraz w pełni i bezpiecznie kontrolowany
3. CSedacja oznacza, że potrzebna jest teraz wyższa dawka
4. DNarastająca sedacja zwykle poprzedza depresję oddechową

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea is admitted for surgery. Which instruction is most appropriate?

1. AStop all pain relief for the first three days
2. BLie flat on their back for the first night
3. CAvoid sleeping at all on the night after surgery
4. DBring their CPAP machine to use after surgery

What is the most important safety point about misoprostol?

1. AIt must be given only by deep intramuscular injection
2. BIt causes severe constipation in most patients
3. CIt can cause miscarriage and must not be used in pregnancy
4. DIt strongly raises blood glucose in people with diabetes

A patient asks whether to take their usual bisoprolol on the morning of surgery. What is the usual guidance?

1. AStop it one week before any operation
2. BTake it only after the operation is finished
3. CTake a double dose to protect the heart
4. DUsually continue it with a sip of water, unless told otherwise

A surgical patient's MUST score is 3 and the wound is healing slowly. What is the most appropriate action?

1. ARefer to the dietitian, start a nutrition plan and monitor intake
2. BRepeat the score in three months' time
3. CEncourage fasting to reduce wound exudate and the size of the dressing
4. DRestrict protein to help the kidneys