Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Dlaczego w chorobach wątroby rozwija się żółtaczka?

1. AŻółty barwnik z pożywienia odkłada się w skórze
2. BBilirubina gromadzi się, ponieważ wątroba nie potrafi jej usunąć
3. CWątroba wytwarza naraz zbyt wiele krwinek czerwonych
4. DNerki wytwarzają zbyt dużo mocznika

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. ABrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
2. BRub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin
3. CAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once
4. DCover it with a tight dressing and wait

Where is biliary colic typically felt?

1. AIn the right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal
2. BIn the groin, after standing for a long time
3. CIn the left lower abdomen, after passing stool
4. DIn the lower back, after lifting something heavy

Why are urinary catheters removed as early as possible after surgery?

1. ABecause the catheter stops the bowel working
2. BBecause catheters always cause kidney stones
3. CTo reduce the risk of catheter-associated infection
4. DBecause patients cannot drink normally while a catheter is in place

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AWait until there has been no stool for a week
2. BStart a regular laxative at the same time
3. CStop eating fibre completely
4. DTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. AOpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority
2. BOnly paracetamol may be given
3. CPain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
4. DOpioids must never be used in pancreatitis

Shortly after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient says their arms feel weak and it is hard to breathe, and the BP is falling. What is most likely?

1. AA normal spinal effect
2. BA post-dural puncture headache
3. CA high spinal block
4. DAn anxiety attack

A patient admitted for an elective general anaesthetic mentions that they ate a slice of toast 3 hours ago. What should the nurse do?

1. ASay nothing, since toast is a light food
2. BInform the anaesthetist, as surgery may be delayed
3. CAsk the patient to try to vomit to empty the stomach
4. DGive a large drink to wash the food through