Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is a PICC line?

1. AA tube inserted into the stomach through the abdomen
2. BA central venous catheter inserted through a vein in the arm
3. CA short cannula in a vein on the back of the hand
4. DA catheter placed in the bladder through the lower abdominal wall

How is hepatitis A mainly spread?

1. ABreathing in airborne droplets
2. BBlood transfusion and needles
3. CFaecal-oral route
4. DTick and mosquito bites

How is hepatitis B mainly spread?

1. AThrough touching door handles and shaking hands
2. BThrough blood, sexual contact and from mother to baby
3. COnly by coughing and sneezing
4. DOnly by eating undercooked shellfish from polluted water

Which statement about giving medicines through a feeding tube is correct?

1. ATubes do not need flushing between medicines
2. BMedicines can be added to the bag of feed
3. CAll tablets can be crushed together and given at once
4. DModified-release tablets should not be crushed

Why is the time a surgical limb tourniquet is inflated carefully recorded?

1. AIt shows how long the anaesthetic gas was used
2. BThe surgeon is paid per minute of use
3. CThe tourniquet slowly loses all its air after one minute
4. DLong inflation can cause nerve and muscle damage

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. ASmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals
2. BThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
3. CA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
4. DSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal

A patient with facial burns from a house fire was talking normally on arrival. Two hours later, the voice is hoarse and there is stridor. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to rest the voice and reassess tomorrow
2. BGive a warm drink to soothe the throat
3. CLay the patient flat to help them sleep
4. DCall for urgent anaesthetic help, as the airway is swelling

Two hours after a meal, a patient who had a gastrectomy becomes shaky, sweaty and confused. What is the most likely cause and first action?

1. AAn anastomotic leak; insert a nasogastric tube at once
2. BEarly dumping from fluid shifts; give a large drink of water
3. CLate dumping with low blood glucose; check capillary glucose
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency; give an injection now