Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
2. BThe patient is fully alert and anxious
3. CThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
4. DThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch

What is pulmonary aspiration?

1. ARemoving fluid from the chest with a needle through the ribs
2. BA collapsed lung after a chest drain
3. CBreathing too fast after surgery
4. DInhaling stomach contents or other material into the lungs

What is brachytherapy?

1. ARadiotherapy given by a machine from outside the body
2. BChemotherapy given slowly into a vein over several hours each day
3. CRadiotherapy from a sealed source placed in or next to the tumour
4. DSurgery to remove a tumour through a small incision

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AIt replaces the need for blood cultures
2. BIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection
3. CA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
4. DIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. ALeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold
2. BInject into a vein in the back of the hand
3. CExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle
4. DRub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption

Patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop immune-related side effects. Which symptom should they report promptly?

1. ASlight hair thinning over months
2. BA small bruise after a knock
3. CNew diarrhoea or abdominal pain
4. DMild tiredness after a busy day

A category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer is now healing and shallower. How should it be documented according to standard guidance?

1. AAs a healing category 4 pressure ulcer
2. BAs a category 2 pressure ulcer now
3. CAs a category 1 pressure ulcer now
4. DAs a fully healed ulcer that can be removed from the record

W 2. dobie po operacji w górnej części jamy brzusznej pacjent ma temperaturę 37,8 °C, SpO₂ 93% na powietrzu i osłabione szmery oddechowe nad obiema podstawami. Nie używał spirometru motywującego z powodu bólu. Jaki plan pielęgniarski jest najodpowiedniejszy?

1. AUtrzymywanie pacjenta w łóżku i ograniczanie ruchu do ustąpienia gorączki
2. BOdstawienie wszelkiej analgezji, aby pacjent mógł mocniej kaszleć
3. CPodanie tlenu 15 L/min i pozostawienie pacjenta w spokoju
4. DLepsza kontrola bólu, siadanie, głębokie oddychanie, uruchamianie i zgłoszenie stanu