Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BThe nerve damage caused by the tumour
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DSpread to nearby lymph nodes

What does the ASA physical status classification describe?

1. AThe patient's pain score after surgery
2. BThe type of anaesthetic drug the surgeon prefers
3. CThe patient's general health before anaesthesia
4. DThe exact length of the planned operation

Które dwa czynniki są najczęstszymi przyczynami choroby wrzodowej?

1. APicie mleka i jedzenie owoców cytrusowych
2. BPalenie i zbyt dużo mocnej kawy
3. CZakażenie Helicobacter pylori i NLPZ
4. DOstre jedzenie i długotrwały stres psychiczny lub zawodowy

During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?

1. AAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness
2. BA rise in platelet count above normal
3. CSudden hair loss during the infusion
4. DSevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney
2. BA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
3. CIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection
4. DIt replaces the need for blood cultures

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells
2. BIt kills H. pylori in the stomach lining
3. CIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
4. DIt speeds up emptying of the stomach

A sacral wound has heavy exudate, and the surrounding skin is white, soft and wrinkled. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply a tight plastic film directly over the wound
2. BUse a dressing that adds even more moisture
3. CLeave the same dressing in place for a week so the wound is not disturbed
4. DProtect the skin edges and use a more absorbent dressing

On the day after a Hartmann's procedure, the end colostomy is dark purple to black. What should the nurse do?

1. ARub the stoma to improve its colour
2. BReport it urgently, as the stoma may be necrotic
3. CRecord it as normal postoperative bruising and recheck it next week
4. DCut a smaller hole in the pouch