Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Where is biliary colic typically felt?

1. AIn the lower back, after lifting something heavy
2. BIn the groin, after standing for a long time
3. CIn the left lower abdomen, after passing stool
4. DIn the right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal

Which factor most increases the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. AA diet high in fibre
2. BDrinking bottled water
3. CRegular exercise
4. DRecent antibiotic treatment

Why is adrenaline sometimes added to a local anaesthetic?

1. AIt turns the local anaesthetic into a general anaesthetic
2. BIt makes the patient fall asleep more quickly
3. CIt stops the local anaesthetic causing any allergy
4. DIt narrows vessels, so the block lasts longer and bleeding is less

Why is IV hydration given with cisplatin?

1. ATo make the drug less effective
2. BTo protect the kidneys from damage
3. CTo prevent hair loss
4. DTo raise the blood pressure during treatment

Why should metoclopramide not be used for nausea in mechanical bowel obstruction?

1. AIt always causes severe diarrhoea
2. BIt increases gut movement against the blockage
3. CIt blocks the effect of all opioids
4. DIt makes the bowel stop moving completely

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. ADisease that is cured by removing the colon
2. BBleeding only from the rectum
3. CFistulas between the bowel and other organs
4. DInflammation limited to the rectal lining

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and says they feel completely well. Which statement is correct?

1. ATreatment is not needed if the patient has not vomited
2. BFeeling well means the dose was too small to cause harm
3. CLiver damage after paracetamol occurs only within the first hour or so
4. DLiver damage may still develop, and appears only days later

A colleague suggests giving a saline injection to see whether a patient's pain is "real". What is the best response?

1. ADeceptive placebos are unethical and do not show pain is "fake"
2. BIt is acceptable if a senior nurse gives the saline
3. CIt is a good idea, as long as the patient is not told about it afterwards
4. DIt should be done only for patients with chronic pain