Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is Barrett's oesophagus?

1. AA pouch in the upper oesophagus that traps food
2. BA change of the lower oesophageal lining to a stomach-like type
3. CA tear in the oesophagus caused by forceful vomiting
4. DDilated veins in the lower oesophagus caused by portal hypertension

What is an autograft in burn care?

1. ASkin taken from another part of the patient's own body
2. BSkin taken from a donor who has died
3. CA synthetic dressing made in a laboratory from collagen
4. DSkin taken from a pig or other animal

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo warm the patient during the procedure
2. BTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
3. CTo make the operating table look tidy
4. DTo keep the patient from moving during the operation

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning
2. BGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm
3. CAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
4. DA heart attack during the operation

After a spinal anaesthetic, which nursing check is particularly important?

1. ABlood glucose every 15 minutes overnight
2. BReturn of leg sensation and movement, and passing urine
3. CPupil reaction every five minutes for the next full day
4. DPeak flow before and after each meal

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. AThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis
2. BSteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery
3. CSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery
4. DSteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer

W 3. dobie po operacji biodra starszy pacjent staje się ostro splątany, z wahaniami uwagi i pobudzeniem. Co pielęgniarka powinna zrobić w pierwszej kolejności?

1. AZałożyć, że to demencja, i kontynuować plan opieki bez zmian
2. BPoszukać przyczyn, takich jak hipoksja, zakażenie, ból lub leki, i eskalować
3. CUnieruchomić pacjenta i od razu podać dużą dawkę środka uspokajającego
4. DPoprosić rodzinę o zabranie pacjenta do domu, aby się uspokoił

A worker has a hydrofluoric acid burn on the hand and severe pain. After irrigation with water, which specific treatment is commonly applied?

1. ASodium bicarbonate paste
2. BSilver sulfadiazine cream
3. CCalcium gluconate gel
4. DIce cubes wrapped in a cloth