Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Który objaw sugeruje zapalenie otrzewnej u pacjenta dializowanego otrzewnowo?

1. AMętny płyn spływający z jamy otrzewnej z bólem brzucha
2. BŁagodne pragnienie po długiej wymianie
3. CPrzejrzysty, słomkowy płyn spływający z jamy otrzewnej
4. DNieco mniej płynu odpływającego niż zwykle po wymianie

Which side effect is common when starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide?

1. AA dry cough
2. BNausea
3. CWeight gain
4. DHair growth

Which isolation precautions are used for a patient with suspected meningococcal meningitis?

1. AContact precautions only, with gloves for skin contact
2. BNo extra precautions, because it is not infectious
3. CAirborne precautions in a negative pressure room for 2 weeks
4. DDroplet precautions until about 24 hours of effective antibiotics

Why is propranolol given to a patient with hyperthyroidism?

1. ATo destroy overactive thyroid tissue over a few weeks
2. BTo replace the hormone lost from the thyroid gland
3. CTo stop the thyroid gland from making any more hormones
4. DTo ease tremor and palpitations while other treatment starts

Why can a patient with an insulin pump develop DKA within hours if the pump stops working?

1. AThe pump gives long-acting insulin, which builds up and stops working all at once
2. BThe pump gives only rapid-acting insulin, so there is no long-acting reserve
3. CThe body becomes allergic to insulin when the pump stops
4. DThe battery in the pump releases chemicals into the blood

Why may a person with long-standing diabetes have a heart attack without typical chest pain?

1. APeople with diabetes do not have heart attacks
2. BNerve damage can blunt the pain signals
3. CHigh glucose protects the heart from pain
4. DInsulin acts as a strong painkiller

A patient with polycystic kidney disease suddenly has the worst headache of their life and neck stiffness. What should the nurse suspect?

1. APain spreading upwards from a kidney cyst
2. BA migraine linked to high blood pressure
3. CA urinary infection that has spread
4. DA subarachnoid haemorrhage from a brain aneurysm

After a stroke, a patient suddenly cries or laughs at odd moments. They say they do not feel sad. Which response is most appropriate?

1. AExplain that this is emotional lability after stroke and help the family understand
2. BIgnore it, because it shows that the patient is seeking attention from the staff
3. CAsk the doctor for a sedative to stop the outbursts
4. DTell the patient that crying will slow their recovery