Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the normal intracranial pressure in a resting adult?

1. AAbout 40–60 mmHg
2. BAbout 80–100 mmHg
3. CAbout 5–15 mmHg
4. DAbout 20–30 mmHg

Which group of features defines nephrotic syndrome?

1. ABlood in the urine, high BP and low urine output
2. BSevere loin pain that spreads to the groin
3. CPainful urination, fever and frequency
4. DHeavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema

In countries with enough iodine in the diet, what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

1. AA pituitary tumour pressing on the gland
2. BToo much iodine in salt
3. CAutoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's)
4. DThyroid cancer

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ATo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach
2. BBecause it cannot be absorbed at night
3. CBecause food doubles the strength of the dose
4. DBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day

Where is the zero point of an external ventricular drain usually levelled?

1. AAt the tragus of the ear
2. BAt the mid-axillary line of the chest
3. CAt the level of the umbilicus
4. DAt the top of the head

A patient has just started haemodialysis. What usually happens to their protein needs?

1. AThey stay exactly the same as they were before dialysis
2. BThey fall to almost zero to rest the kidneys
3. CThey increase, because dialysis removes amino acids
4. DProtein must be replaced only by IV infusion

The nurse has four renal patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with mild itching from uraemia who wants a cream
2. BA patient with a potassium of 6,8 mmol/L who reports palpitations
3. CA patient with CKD asking about their phosphate binder
4. DA patient with a creatinine slightly above their usual level

A nurse teaches a wheelchair user with a spinal cord injury about skin care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I only need to check my skin when something hurts."
2. B"I will keep my skin clean and dry."
3. C"I will use a mirror to check my bottom and heels every day."
4. D"I will shift my weight in the chair regularly."