Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water
2. BIt makes the kidneys pass more water
3. CIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
4. DIt makes the kidneys keep potassium

After an acute stroke, what must happen before the patient is given food, drink or oral medicines?

1. AA swallow screen by a trained professional
2. BA chest X-ray to check the lungs
3. CA full set of blood tests
4. DA check that bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants

Which mineral is needed to make thyroid hormones?

1. ACalcium
2. BIodine
3. CZinc
4. DIron

A patient takes an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. APause the drug during illness with vomiting or poor intake
2. BDouble the dose during illness to control the glucose
3. CKeep taking it as normal, whatever the illness
4. DStop drinking fluids while taking the drug

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA strict low-protein diet
2. BA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
3. CA diet very high in caffeine for energy
4. DA high-calorie diet with enough protein

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
2. BThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage
3. CHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
4. DHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
2. BOral calcium tablets
3. CIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D
4. DA fluid restriction

A patient with diabetic neuropathy has a hot, red, swollen foot that is barely painful. The skin is intact, and there is no fever. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn acute Charcot foot, needing urgent offloading
2. BGout, which only needs pain relief
3. CA sprained ankle that will settle with walking
4. DNormal swelling from standing too long