Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the normal intracranial pressure in a resting adult?

1. AAbout 80–100 mmHg
2. BAbout 20–30 mmHg
3. CAbout 5–15 mmHg
4. DAbout 40–60 mmHg

A patient with Bell's palsy cannot close one eye fully. Which advice is most important?

1. AWear contact lenses to keep the eye moist
2. BMassage the closed eyeball firmly several times every day
3. CUse lubricating eye drops and protect or tape the eye at night
4. DLeave the eye uncovered so air can dry it out

How is the pain of trigeminal neuralgia typically described?

1. ASudden electric-shock pain in the face set off by light touch
2. BA burning pain in both feet, worse at night
3. CA throbbing pain behind one eye with nausea and aura
4. DA dull ache across the forehead that lasts all day

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain
2. BTo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly
3. CTo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time
4. DTo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly

Which signs suggest rejection of a kidney transplant?

1. ALess urine, a rising creatinine and a tender graft
2. BA cough, wheeze and a runny nose with sneezing
3. CA rash on the face after sun exposure
4. DMore urine, a falling creatinine and weight loss

A nurse is teaching a patient going home after a mild concussion. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will come back if I start vomiting again and again."
2. B"A few drinks tonight will help me relax and sleep."
3. C"Someone will stay with me for the first night."
4. D"I will return if my headache gets steadily worse."

At bedtime, a patient was given their rapid-acting insulin by mistake instead of their long-acting insulin. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the long-acting dose as well and check glucose at breakfast
2. BGive glucagon now, before the glucose has fallen
3. CTell the prescriber and check glucose often overnight
4. DSay nothing, because the patient is asleep and seems fine

A patient with type 1 diabetes has a seizure on the ward. Their capillary glucose is 1,9 mmol/L (34 mg/dL). They cannot swallow. What is the most appropriate treatment?

1. AIV glucose or IM glucagon, then recheck the glucose
2. BAn antiepileptic drug only, because seizures need seizure treatment
3. CA rapid-acting insulin dose to stabilise the glucose
4. DGlucose gel squeezed into the mouth during the seizure