Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which substance do the kidneys release that helps raise blood pressure?

1. ARenin
2. BInsulin
3. CThyroxine
4. DBile

What is the most common cause of dementia?

1. AMultiple sclerosis
2. BParkinson's disease
3. CAlzheimer's disease
4. DHuntington's disease

Where should a urinary catheter drainage bag be kept?

1. ABelow the level of the bladder and off the floor
2. BOn the floor under the bed, out of the way
3. CAbove the bladder so urine flows faster
4. DOn the bed next to the patient's pillow

Why is propranolol given to a patient with hyperthyroidism?

1. ATo destroy overactive thyroid tissue over a few weeks
2. BTo ease tremor and palpitations while other treatment starts
3. CTo stop the thyroid gland from making any more hormones
4. DTo replace the hormone lost from the thyroid gland

Które powikłanie hemodializy powoduje ból głowy, nudności, niepokój, a czasem drgawki, zwłaszcza podczas pierwszych sesji?

1. AHipoglikemia związana z płynem dializacyjnym
2. BŻylna zatorowość powietrzna przez przewody
3. CZespół zaburzonej równowagi dializacyjnej (dysekwilibrium)
4. DBakteryjne zapalenie otrzewnej

Why is good blood pressure control important in chronic kidney disease?

1. AIt cures chronic kidney disease
2. BIt raises the haemoglobin level in the blood
3. CIt lowers the blood glucose
4. DIt slows the decline in kidney function

A patient with a subarachnoid haemorrhage develops a low sodium. Why is fluid restriction usually avoided in this patient?

1. AFluid restriction would cause the aneurysm to re-bleed
2. BLow blood volume can worsen vasospasm and brain ischaemia
3. CLow sodium in this condition always corrects itself
4. DFluid restriction raises the risk of seizures

During a TURP, a patient becomes confused and nauseated, with a slow pulse and a raised BP. The sodium is 121 mmol/L. What is most likely?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the catheter
2. BA normal reaction to the spinal anaesthetic
3. CTURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid
4. DHypoglycaemia from fasting for many hours before surgery