Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
2. BWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor
3. CKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
4. DVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt

Jakie proste badanie służy do przesiewowej oceny stóp osób z cukrzycą pod kątem utraty czucia ochronnego?

1. APomiar glikemii z krwi włośniczkowej na palcu stopy
2. BPomiar obwodu łydki
3. CDotknięcie podeszwy monofilamentem 10 g
4. DSprawdzenie nawrotu włośniczkowego w palcach rąk

After an acute stroke, what must happen before the patient is given food, drink or oral medicines?

1. AA chest X-ray to check the lungs
2. BA swallow screen by a trained professional
3. CA check that bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants
4. DA full set of blood tests

How do DPP-4 inhibitors such as sitagliptin work?

1. AThey block glucose reabsorption in the kidney
2. BThey replace insulin that the pancreas cannot make
3. CThey prolong the action of gut incretin hormones
4. DThey stop the gut from absorbing fat

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
2. BA high-calorie diet with enough protein
3. CA diet very high in caffeine for energy
4. DA strict low-protein diet

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. ACheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better
2. BAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting
3. CKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
4. DStop all insulin until normal eating restarts

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. ACentral cord syndrome
2. BA complete lumbar cord injury
3. CBrown-Séquard syndrome
4. DCauda equina syndrome

Pacjent wentylowany mechanicznie ma ciężki uraz mózgu. Jakie docelowe PaCO₂ zwykle się stosuje, o ile nie grozi wklinowanie?

1. AWysokie PaCO₂, aby rozszerzyć naczynia mózgowe
2. BNiskie PaCO₂ z długotrwałej hiperwentylacji
3. CPrawidłowe PaCO₂ (normokapnia)
4. DDowolne PaCO₂, ponieważ nie wpływa na ciśnienie wewnątrzczaszkowe