Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which symptom is the classic warning sign of bladder cancer?

1. ABurning pain on passing urine
2. BSevere loin pain that comes in waves
3. CLeaking urine when coughing
4. DPainless visible blood in the urine

What is a common complication after a lumbar puncture?

1. ALoss of hearing in one ear
2. BA headache that is worse when sitting or standing
3. CA rapid rise in blood glucose
4. DPermanent paralysis of both legs from nerve damage

What is the most common cause of dementia?

1. AAlzheimer's disease
2. BHuntington's disease
3. CParkinson's disease
4. DMultiple sclerosis

Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?

1. ARestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool
2. BUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week
3. CA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
4. DAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating

A patient has had a calcium oxalate kidney stone. Which advice best helps prevent another?

1. ADrink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
2. BCut all calcium out of the diet
3. CDrink only a little to avoid diluting the urine
4. DTake extra vitamin C supplements

Why might a patient taking a beta-blocker not notice a hypoglycaemic episode?

1. ABeta-blockers block the effect of all diabetes medicines
2. BBeta-blockers raise blood glucose, so hypos cannot happen
3. CBeta-blockers make the patient sleep through every hypo
4. DBeta-blockers can mask the tremor and racing heart of a hypo

A patient with renal colic has normal kidney function and no other contraindications. Which drug is usually the first choice for pain?

1. AOral paracetamol (acetaminophen) alone
2. BA benzodiazepine such as diazepam
3. CAn oral antihistamine such as cetirizine
4. DAn NSAID such as diclofenac

A patient with diabetes insipidus after head trauma needs hourly urine output measurement. Which task can be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. AMeasuring hourly urine and reporting results above a set amount
2. BDeciding whether to give the next desmopressin dose
3. CAssessing the patient's level of consciousness
4. DInterpreting the serum sodium results