Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Jaką pozycję głowy zwykle stosuje się u pacjenta z podwyższonym ciśnieniem wewnątrzczaszkowym?

1. AGłowa niżej niż tułów (pozycja Trendelenburga)
2. BGłowa uniesiona do około 30°, szyja wyprostowana
3. CPozycja siedząca, z szyją zgiętą do przodu
4. DPozycja płaska, z głową mocno odwróconą na bok

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
2. BIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
3. CIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys
4. DIt is caused by drinking too little water

Jaka grupa objawów jest typowa dla niedoczynności tarczycy?

1. ABiegunka, lęk, pocenie się i wytrzeszcz oczu
2. BNietolerancja ciepła, utrata masy ciała, drobne drżenie i kołatanie serca
3. CNietolerancja zimna, zmęczenie, przyrost masy ciała i zaparcia
4. DSilne pragnienie i oddawanie dużych ilości moczu

Why is good blood pressure control important in chronic kidney disease?

1. AIt raises the haemoglobin level in the blood
2. BIt lowers the blood glucose
3. CIt slows the decline in kidney function
4. DIt cures chronic kidney disease

A man starts finasteride for an enlarged prostate. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt lowers the blood pressure, so dizziness is very common
2. BIt takes months to work; pregnant women must not handle broken tablets
3. CIt is used only for a few days at a time
4. DIt works within hours by relaxing the bladder muscle

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
2. BHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
3. CHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down
4. DThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage

A nurse teaches foot care to a patient with diabetic neuropathy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check my feet every day, using a mirror for the soles."
2. B"I will buy corn plasters from the pharmacy for my corn."
3. C"I will check that the bath water is not too hot using my elbow."
4. D"I will wear socks and shoes that fit well and do not rub."

An older patient with a UTI is now confused, with a respiratory rate of 24/min, BP 88/50 mmHg and a pulse of 120/min. What should happen?

1. ATreat the confusion with a sedative
2. BStart sepsis care at once, with IV antibiotics and fluids
3. CEncourage oral fluids and wait for the urine culture
4. DGive oral antibiotics and recheck in four hours