Farmakologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. ANaloxone
2. BAtropine
3. CFlumazenil
4. DFomepizole

Which of these is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic?

1. AFluphenazine
2. BChlorpromazine
3. COlanzapine
4. DHaloperidol

In Addison's disease, fludrocortisone is given to replace which hormone?

1. AAldosterone
2. BThyroxine
3. CCortisol
4. DAdrenaline

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

1. AHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea
2. BPinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing
3. CItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site
4. DNumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus

What should the nurse teach a patient starting nitrofurantoin?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach with an antacid
2. BStop it as soon as the burning settles
3. CExpect blue urine, which shows that the drug is working well
4. DTake it with food, and the urine may turn dark yellow or brown

Which patient should usually not receive a live vaccine?

1. AA healthy adult nurse who works on a children's ward
2. BA patient receiving chemotherapy for leukaemia
3. CA patient with mild seasonal allergies
4. DA healthy 1-year-old child

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 6 hours ago and feels well. Why is treatment still urgent?

1. AThe drug will cause kidney stones within a few hours
2. BLiver damage appears 1–3 days later, and early treatment works best
3. CThe patient is at risk of immediate respiratory arrest
4. DParacetamol overdose only causes harm if symptoms start in the first hour

U pacjenta po pierwszej dawce amoksycyliny wystąpiła reakcja anafilaktyczna. Jak klasyfikuje się to działanie niepożądane w powszechnym systemie A/B?

1. ATyp B, bo jest nieprzewidywalne i niezwiązane z normalnym działaniem leku
2. BTyp A, bo zależy od dawki i jest przewidywalne na podstawie farmakologii leku
3. CTyp A, bo dawka była za duża
4. DTyp B, bo występuje tylko po długotrwałym stosowaniu