Farmakologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the purpose of the Z-track technique for intramuscular injections?

1. ATo allow a larger volume to be given than with a standard injection
2. BTo stop the drug leaking back into the subcutaneous tissue
3. CTo avoid the need to clean the skin
4. DTo make the injection faster

Buspirone is used mainly to treat:

1. ASevere pain
2. BGeneralised anxiety disorder
3. CAcute alcohol withdrawal
4. DPanic attacks needing immediate relief

Naltrexone helps in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. ACauses vomiting and flushing whenever alcohol is drunk
2. BSpeeds up the liver breakdown of alcohol
3. CBlocks opioid receptors, reducing reward and craving
4. DReplaces alcohol as a sedative

What should the nurse teach a patient starting nitrofurantoin?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach with an antacid
2. BExpect blue urine, which shows that the drug is working well
3. CTake it with food, and the urine may turn dark yellow or brown
4. DStop it as soon as the burning settles

During an infusion of a vesicant chemotherapy drug, the patient reports burning, and the site is swollen. What should the nurse do first?

1. AFlush the line with a large volume of saline
2. BStop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol
3. CRemove the cannula at once and massage the area firmly
4. DIncrease the infusion rate to finish quickly

While giving medicines, a patient says, "That pill looks different from the one I usually take." What should the nurse do?

1. AExplain that only the staff decide which medicines are given
2. BStop and recheck the order and the medicine before giving it
3. CGive the pill and check the chart afterwards
4. DReassure the patient and give the pill anyway

Starsza kobieta, która dwa tygodnie temu zaczęła przyjmować SSRI, jest teraz splątana, a stężenie sodu w osoczu jest niskie. Jaki jest najbardziej prawdopodobny mechanizm?

1. AWywołane przez SSRI nieadekwatne wydzielanie ADH powodujące zatrzymanie wody
2. BUtrata sodu z powodu ciężkiej biegunki wywołanej przez SSRI
3. CZwiększone wydzielanie aldosteronu
4. DBezpośrednie uszkodzenie nadnerczy

A patient who uses insulin is taught sick-day rules. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I am ill and not eating, I will stop my insulin completely."
2. B"I will seek help if I keep vomiting or have ketones."
3. C"I will check my blood glucose and ketones more often while I am ill."
4. D"I will keep drinking fluids, even if I cannot eat much."