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Imię: ____________________ Data: ____________
1.Łatwy
How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?
AIt reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
BIt increases the excretion of cholesterol in the urine and bile
CIt binds bile acids in the gut
DIt inhibits HMG-CoA reductase in the liver
2.Łatwy
Dextromethorphan is used as:
AA cough suppressant
BA nasal decongestant
CAn expectorant that thins mucus
DAn antibiotic for chest infections
3.Łatwy
How do local anaesthetics such as lidocaine block pain?
AThey block prostaglandin synthesis at the injury site
BThey activate opioid receptors in the spinal cord
CThey enhance the action of GABA in the brain and spinal cord
DThey block voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes
4.Średni
How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?
AIt blocks histamine H2 receptors in the stomach
BIt neutralises acid by releasing bicarbonate
CIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
DIt kills Helicobacter pylori directly
5.Średni
Which group of signs suggests opioid withdrawal?
AYawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea
BDry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision and confusion
CPinpoint pupils, slow breathing and drowsiness
DConstipation, itching and a slow heart rate
6.Średni
Why is simvastatin traditionally taken in the evening?
AIt is inactivated by sunlight during the day
BIt is short-acting, and cholesterol synthesis peaks at night
CIt must be taken with the largest meal of the day
DIt causes too much drowsiness to be taken in the morning
7.Trudny
A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?
AGive the amoxicillin with an antihistamine to prevent a reaction
BGive the amoxicillin, as it belongs to a different antibiotic group
CGive half the dose and observe for a reaction
DWithhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin
8.Trudny
Dlaczego beta-blokery mogą maskować objawy ostrzegawcze hipoglikemii u chorych na cukrzycę?
AOsłabiają objawy adrenergiczne, takie jak drżenie i kołatanie serca
BPodnoszą glikemię, więc hipoglikemia w ogóle nie może wystąpić
CPowodują gorączkę maskującą pocenie
DCałkowicie blokują wydzielanie insuliny
Klucz odpowiedzi
1. A · It reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
2. A · A cough suppressant
3. D · They block voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes
4. C · It forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
5. A · Yawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea
6. B · It is short-acting, and cholesterol synthesis peaks at night
7. D · Withhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin
8. A · Osłabiają objawy adrenergiczne, takie jak drżenie i kołatanie serca
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