Farmakologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

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Imię: ____________________   Data: ____________

1.Łatwy

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

  1. ATo prevent nausea and vomiting after the methotrexate
  2. BTo make methotrexate act faster on the tumour
  3. CTo protect normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
  4. DTo treat an allergic reaction to methotrexate
2.Łatwy

Sumatriptan is used mainly to:

  1. APrevent epileptic seizures
  2. BRelieve nerve pain from diabetes
  3. CTreat high blood pressure
  4. DTreat an acute migraine attack
3.Łatwy

Baclofen is used mainly to treat:

  1. ABacterial infections of the skin
  2. BAcid reflux and heartburn
  3. CMuscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis
  4. DHigh blood pressure in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia
4.Średni

During an infusion of a vesicant chemotherapy drug, the patient reports burning, and the site is swollen. What should the nurse do first?

  1. ARemove the cannula at once and massage the area firmly
  2. BIncrease the infusion rate to finish quickly
  3. CFlush the line with a large volume of saline
  4. DStop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol
5.Średni

A patient takes isoniazid. Which advice is most important?

  1. AAvoid alcohol and report jaundice, dark urine or poor appetite
  2. BStop the drug when the cough improves
  3. CExpect the urine to turn orange
  4. DTake it with antacids to protect the stomach from irritation
6.Średni

A patient starting niacin (nicotinic acid) complains of flushing and warmth after doses. Which advice may reduce this?

  1. ADouble the dose to build tolerance faster
  2. BTake aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees
  3. CTake it on an empty stomach in a hot bath
  4. DTake the niacin with a hot drink so that it dissolves and acts faster
7.Trudny

A patient with Parkinson's disease has nausea. Why should metoclopramide be avoided?

  1. AIt increases dopamine levels in the brain too much and causes psychosis
  2. BIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and can worsen the parkinsonism
  3. CIt inhibits the absorption of all oral drugs
  4. DIt causes severe diarrhoea in Parkinson's disease
8.Trudny

A patient with heart failure starts taking naproxen regularly for back pain. Why is this a concern?

  1. ANSAIDs increase heart contractility too much
  2. BNSAIDs block the absorption of furosemide completely
  3. CNSAIDs lower potassium, which makes digoxin and diuretics fail
  4. DNSAIDs cause salt and water retention and can worsen heart failure

Klucz odpowiedzi

  1. 1. C · To protect normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
  2. 2. D · Treat an acute migraine attack
  3. 3. C · Muscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis
  4. 4. D · Stop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol
  5. 5. A · Avoid alcohol and report jaundice, dark urine or poor appetite
  6. 6. B · Take aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees
  7. 7. B · It blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and can worsen the parkinsonism
  8. 8. D · NSAIDs cause salt and water retention and can worsen heart failure

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