Уважайте права: наименее ограничительный вариант, согласие и конфиденциальность с её пределами.
2Тренировочные задачи
1.Сестринское дело в психиатрииСредняя
What is the key difference between factitious disorder and malingering?
AIn factitious disorder, the aim is to be seen as ill; in malingering, the aim is an external reward
BIn factitious disorder, the symptoms are not produced on purpose at all
CThere is no real difference between them, and both terms mean exactly the same thing
DMalingering is a severe mental disorder, while factitious disorder is not classed as a mental disorder at all
2.Сестринское дело в психиатрииСложная
A patient with borderline personality disorder says, "If you don't make Anna my nurse again tomorrow, I'll cut myself." What is the most appropriate response?
AIgnore the threat, because she is only trying to manipulate staff
BAgree to assign Anna to her every day so that she stays safe
CTell her that if she cuts herself again, she will be discharged from the ward at once without any follow-up
DTake the statement seriously, assess her risk and explain that nursing assignments are decided by the team
3.Клиническая психологияСредняя
Экспозиция с предотвращением реакции — основное психологическое лечение:
AБессонницы
BОКР
CСДВГ
DБиполярного расстройства
4.Клиническая психологияСложная
Пациент с шизофренией часами неподвижно сохраняет неудобную позу и сопротивляется попыткам его сдвинуть. Какой комплекс симптомов это описывает?
AОткрытость мыслей (трансляцию мыслей)
BКататонию
CПозднюю дискинезию
DАлогию
5.ФармакологияСредняя
Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?
AAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut
BBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
CNo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
DA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
6.ФармакологияСложная
Why do infants absorb more of a topical corticosteroid than adults?
AInfants do not absorb topical drugs at all
BTheir skin contains no blood vessels
CTheir liver changes the cream into a much stronger form
DThey have more skin area per kilogram and thinner skin
3Растворы
1.Сестринское дело в психиатрии
Ответ: A · In factitious disorder, the aim is to be seen as ill; in malingering, the aim is an external reward
Почему это ответ
In both, symptoms are produced or exaggerated on purpose. In factitious disorder the motivation is internal, the sick role; in malingering it is external, such as money, drugs or avoiding duties.
Ответ
A · In factitious disorder, the aim is to be seen as ill; in malingering, the aim is an external reward
2.Сестринское дело в психиатрии
Ответ: D · Take the statement seriously, assess her risk and explain that nursing assignments are decided by the team
Почему это ответ
Every threat of self-harm needs assessment, but giving in to it reinforces the behaviour and supports splitting. The nurse addresses safety and feelings while keeping consistent team boundaries.
Ответ
D · Take the statement seriously, assess her risk and explain that nursing assignments are decided by the team
3.Клиническая психология
Ответ: B · ОКР
Почему это ответ
ЭПР сталкивает пациентов с триггерами обсессий, не допуская компульсий, поэтому тревога снижается без ритуала.
Ответ
B · ОКР
4.Клиническая психология
Ответ: B · Кататонию
Почему это ответ
К кататоническим признакам относятся ступор, застывание в позах, восковая гибкость, мутизм и негативизм. В DSM-5 кататония может возникать при шизофрении, аффективных расстройствах или соматических состояниях.
Ответ
B · Кататонию
5.Фармакология
Ответ: D · A stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
Почему это ответ
Opioid-induced constipation does not usually resolve with time, so a laxative is started with the opioid. Stimulant laxatives counter reduced motility; bulk-forming laxatives alone can worsen symptoms if fluid intake is low.
Ответ
D · A stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
6.Фармакология
Ответ: D · They have more skin area per kilogram and thinner skin
Почему это ответ
Infants have a high surface area-to-weight ratio and a thinner skin barrier, so topical drugs reach higher systemic levels. Nappies can act as an occlusive dressing and increase absorption further.
Ответ
D · They have more skin area per kilogram and thinner skin