1.Приоритизация и делегированиеСредняя
A nurse teaches a patient to use an incentive spirometer. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I will try to hold my breath for a few seconds at the top.”
- B“I will blow into it as hard and fast as I can.”
- C“I will breathe in slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.”
- D“I will use it several times every hour while awake.”
2.Приоритизация и делегированиеСложная
An adult has burns over 40% of the body with no signs of airway injury. Which treatment is the priority during the first hours?
- AApplying antibiotic cream to all the burns before anything else
- BLarge-volume IV fluids with close monitoring of urine output
- CStarting physiotherapy to prevent contractures straight away
- DGiving a high-protein meal to support healing
3.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСредняя
A newly hired nurse had BCG vaccine as a child. Which TB screening test is usually preferred?
- AA tuberculin skin test, which is read 24 hours after it is placed
- BAn interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test
- CNo screening, because BCG prevents all TB
- DA chest x-ray every month for the first year
4.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСложная
A nurse teaches a patient about care of a surgical incision at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I will keep the dressing clean and dry as I was shown.”
- B“I will wash my hands with soap before I touch or change the dressing.”
- C“I will call the clinic if I get a fever or more pain around the wound.”
- D“If the wound gets red and drains pus, I will wait for my appointment next month.”
5.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСредняя
A patient has started parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central line. Which test is monitored most frequently in the first days?
- AHemoglobin A1c
- BThyroid hormones
- CSerum lipase
- DBlood glucose
6.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСложная
У пациента с сильной рвотой калий 3,0 mEq/L, хлориды 88 mEq/L и высокий бикарбонат. Какую картину это показывает?
- AПотерю желудочной кислоты: низкие калий и хлориды, метаболический алкалоз
- BНормальные результаты, не требующие наблюдения
- CДиабетический кетоацидоз с высоким анионным интервалом
- DВысокий калий с метаболическим ацидозом из-за обезвоживания
7.Клиническое сестринское делоСредняя
In suspected sepsis, what should ideally be collected before the first dose of antibiotics, as long as it does not delay treatment?
- AA stool sample for occult blood
- BBlood cultures
- CA 24-hour urine collection
- DA fasting cholesterol level
8.Клиническое сестринское делоСложная
Soon after starting chemotherapy for a high-grade lymphoma, a patient has rising potassium, phosphate and uric acid with falling urine output. What is the most likely cause?
- AAdrenal insufficiency
- BRefeeding syndrome
- CSyndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion
- DTumour lysis syndrome
9.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСредняя
A woman with hypertension who takes lisinopril says she is planning a pregnancy. What should the nurse advise?
- AStop all blood pressure treatment straight away without telling anyone
- BDouble the dose to protect the baby from high blood pressure
- CContinue lisinopril, as it is the safest blood pressure drug in pregnancy
- DDiscuss switching medicine with the prescriber before trying to conceive
10.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСложная
A patient is going home after a spontaneous pneumothorax treated with a chest drain. Which advice is correct?
- AFly home as soon as possible so they can recover in comfort there
- BStop smoking and do not fly until a doctor confirms full resolution
- CExpect it never to happen again, so no follow-up is needed
- DTake up scuba diving to strengthen the lungs
11.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСредняя
Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?
- AWeight loss and a fast tremor
- BA cough and a raised potassium
- CDry mouth and constipation
- DDiarrhoea and heavy sweating
12.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСложная
A patient's potassium is 7,1 mmol/L, and the ECG shows peaked T waves and broad QRS complexes. What is the first treatment?
- AIV calcium gluconate
- BOral sodium bicarbonate
- CIV furosemide
- DOral potassium binder
13.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСредняя
How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?
- AIt kills H. pylori in the stomach lining
- BIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base
- CIt blocks histamine receptors on parietal cells
- DIt speeds up emptying of the stomach
14.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСложная
A few hours after thyroid surgery, a patient's neck swells rapidly and they become short of breath with stridor. What is most likely?
- ANormal swelling after neck surgery
- BA haematoma pressing on the airway
- CLow blood calcium from the surgery
- DAn allergy to the wound dressing