Приоритизация и делегирование в стиле NCLEX: шпаргалка-пакет

A nurse gives IV morphine for severe pain. When should the nurse reassess the pain and sedation?

1. AAt the next routine round in four hours
2. BAt the end of the shift
3. CWithin about 15–30 minutes
4. DOnly when the patient asks for more

A patient with anorexia nervosa is admitted. Which finding is the priority?

1. ASays she feels fat although she is very thin
2. BHas fine, downy hair on her arms
3. CRefuses to eat in front of other people
4. DHeart rate 38/min and potassium 2,8 mEq/L

A nurse who wears prescription glasses must irrigate a wound where splashing is likely. Which eye protection is suitable?

1. AThe glasses with a surgical mask
2. BThe prescription glasses alone
3. CNo eye protection, if the nurse stands to one side
4. DGoggles or a face shield worn over the glasses

In US nursing practice, which task should the RN not assign to an LPN/LVN?

1. AGiving scheduled oral antibiotics to a stable patient
2. BThe initial admission assessment of a new patient with suspected sepsis
3. CReinforcing hand hygiene teaching that the RN has already given
4. DA dressing change on a healing surgical wound that has no signs of infection

У пациента с циррозом альбумин 2,2 g/dL (22 g/L). Какая находка, скорее всего, связана с этим?

1. AГиперкалиемия
2. BОтёки и асцит
3. CУвеличенный диурез
4. DВысокое артериальное давление

A young adult has fatigue, bruising and fever. The white cell count is 85 × 10³/µL with many blasts, the hemoglobin is 7,9 g/dL (79 g/L) and the platelets are 22 × 10³/µL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. APolycythemia vera
2. BAcute viral infection
3. CAcute leukemia
4. DIron-deficiency anemia

Which blood result often rises in an upper GI bleed because blood is digested in the gut?

1. AGlucose
2. BUrea (blood urea nitrogen)
3. CCalcium
4. DSodium

Three days after bowel surgery, a patient has a distended abdomen, vomiting and absent bowel sounds, without colicky pain. What is most likely?

1. AParalytic ileus
2. BA urinary tract infection
3. CAcute cholecystitis
4. DNormal recovery after surgery

How does varenicline help people stop smoking?

1. AIt partly stimulates and partly blocks nicotine receptors
2. BIt makes cigarettes taste of metal so smoking feels unpleasant
3. CIt replaces nicotine through the skin, like a nicotine patch
4. DIt speeds the clearance of nicotine by the liver

A nurse looked after a patient for a shift before smear-positive pulmonary TB was diagnosed, without wearing a respirator. What should happen?

1. AStart a full six-month course of TB drugs at once without any tests
2. BStay off work for six months in case symptoms develop
3. CTake no action, as healthcare workers are immune to TB
4. DReport it so occupational health can arrange follow-up screening

Why is good blood pressure control important in chronic kidney disease?

1. AIt lowers the blood glucose
2. BIt cures chronic kidney disease
3. CIt slows the decline in kidney function
4. DIt raises the haemoglobin level in the blood

Why might a frail 88-year-old with type 2 diabetes have a less strict HbA1c target?

1. ABecause older people cannot use any glucose medicines
2. BTo save money on blood tests and drugs
3. CBecause diabetes cannot damage older people
4. DTo reduce the risk of hypos, falls and confusion

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AKeeping the room dark during the day
2. BMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
3. CGiving a sleeping tablet every night
4. DMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids

Пациент с известным раком предстательной железы сообщает о новой, нарастающей боли в спине и слабости в ногах. Какое действие самое важное?

1. AПосоветовать отдых дома с парацетамолом и осмотр на следующем приёме в клинике
2. BУспокоить пациента, что боль в спине — обычное явление и не опасна
3. CВозможная компрессия спинного мозга: сообщить выше, стероиды по назначению, срочная МРТ
4. DОрганизовать обычную физиотерапию для боли в спине в течение следующего месяца