1.Приоритизация и делегированиеСредняя
An older patient with dementia is restless at night and keeps trying to get out of bed. Which measure should the nurse try first?
- AGive a sedative from the as-needed list without first assessing the patient
- BRaise all four bed rails so the patient cannot climb out
- CApply wrist restraints for the rest of the night
- DCheck for pain, thirst or a full bladder, and offer toileting
2.Приоритизация и делегированиеСложная
A patient has a new spinal cord injury at C4. Which assessment is the priority?
- AAbility to feed themselves
- BBowel sounds in all four abdominal quadrants
- CSkin over the sacrum and heels
- DBreathing effort and ability to cough
3.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСредняя
A patient walking with a gait belt suddenly starts to fall. What should the nurse do?
- AHold the belt, widen the stance and ease the patient gently to the floor
- BPull the patient backwards quickly toward the bed
- CGrab the patient under both arms and try hard to keep them standing up
- DLet go of the belt and run to call for help
4.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСложная
A patient arrives in the operating room for knee surgery, and the site has not been marked. What should happen?
- ALet the circulating nurse mark the site from memory of the surgeon’s plan
- BMark the site after the patient is anesthetized and draped
- CDo not start until the site is marked and verified with the patient
- DStart the surgery, because the consent form shows the side
5.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСредняя
A patient on warfarin has an INR of 7,8 and a nosebleed. Which medication would the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
- AAcetylcysteine
- BVitamin K (phytonadione)
- CProtamine sulfate
- DNaloxone hydrochloride
6.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСложная
A patient with suspected Cushing syndrome takes dexamethasone at night. The next morning, the cortisol is still high. What does this suggest?
- AThe result is normal, as dexamethasone raises cortisol
- BThe patient has primary hypothyroidism instead
- CCortisol is being produced without normal feedback control
- DThe adrenal glands are not able to produce enough cortisol
7.Клиническое сестринское делоСредняя
У пациента после дорожно-транспортного происшествия тяжёлая одышка, отсутствие дыхательных шумов с одной стороны, низкое давление и смещение трахеи в другую сторону. Каков вероятный диагноз?
- AНапряжённый пневмоторакс
- BБронхиальная астма
- CОтёк лёгких
- DПневмония
8.Клиническое сестринское делоСложная
A postoperative patient on IV fluids has a sodium of 128 mmol/L and is becoming confused. Which fluid could make this worse if given in large amounts?
- AHuman albumin solution
- B0,9% sodium chloride
- C5% glucose (D5W)
- DHartmann's solution (similar to lactated Ringer's)
9.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСредняя
What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
- AA leaking aortic valve
- BA blocked pulmonary artery
- CA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
- DA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
10.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСложная
A patient regains a pulse after a ventricular fibrillation arrest that was probably caused by a heart attack. Which investigation is most urgent?
- AA lumbar puncture
- BA 12-lead ECG
- CSpirometry
- DAn abdominal ultrasound
11.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСредняя
Where is the zero point of an external ventricular drain usually levelled?
- AAt the mid-axillary line of the chest
- BAt the level of the umbilicus
- CAt the tragus of the ear
- DAt the top of the head
12.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСложная
Three days after a stroke, a patient with dysphagia on a modified diet has a temperature of 38,2 °C (100,8 °F), a respiratory rate of 24/min and crackles at the right lung base. What should the nurse do?
- ASuspect aspiration pneumonia, stop oral intake and escalate for review
- BGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and continue the modified diet as before
- CRecord the findings and recheck them at the next routine observation
- DEncourage more fluids by mouth to treat the fever
13.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСредняя
Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?
- ATo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly
- BTo see whether the patient has an infection
- CTo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- DTo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
14.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСложная
An hour after a line flush, a patient receiving parenteral nutrition has rigors and a temperature of 39,1 °C. What should the nurse suspect and do?
- ALow blood glucose; give a sugary drink
- BFluid overload; reduce the infusion rate only
- CA normal reaction; give paracetamol and continue the infusion
- DLine infection; escalate and take blood cultures