1.Приоритизация и делегированиеСредняя
A swimmer is found unresponsive after diving into shallow water. Which method should the nurse use to open the airway?
- AHead-tilt, chin-lift with full neck extension
- BJaw thrust, keeping the head and neck in line
- CRaising the chin while bending the neck forward
- DTurning the head to the side to drain water
2.Приоритизация и делегированиеСложная
A patient is bleeding internally after a fall. Which finding is usually an early sign of hypovolemic shock?
- AA slow heart rate with warm, dry, flushed skin and a normal blood pressure throughout
- BLoss of consciousness with gasping breaths
- CA very low blood pressure with fixed, dilated pupils
- DRestlessness and a rising heart rate while the blood pressure is still normal
3.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСредняя
A patient is on a ventilator. Which bed position helps to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia?
- ATrendelenburg position
- BHead of the bed raised 30 to 45 degrees
- CLying completely flat
- DHead of the bed raised about 10 degrees
4.Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациентаСложная
Patients contaminated with radioactive dust arrive at the hospital. Which step removes most of the external contamination?
- AGiving the patient potassium iodide
- BRemoving the patient’s clothing
- CWrapping the patient in a blanket
- DScrubbing the skin until it is red
5.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСредняя
Why must a blue-top (citrate) coagulation tube be filled to the correct level?
- AThe laboratory charges extra when a tube is not filled correctly
- BThe blood-to-anticoagulant ratio must be right for accurate clotting times
- CUnderfilled tubes always give a falsely low hemoglobin and hematocrit
- DAn overfull tube is needed to measure the potassium level
6.Лабораторные показатели и электролитыСложная
A patient in DKA is receiving IV fluids and insulin. The glucose has fallen to about 220 mg/dL (12,2 mmol/L), but the anion gap is still high. What change would the nurse expect?
- AAdd dextrose to the IV fluids and continue the insulin
- BStop the insulin infusion because the glucose is near normal
- CGive an IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate at once
- DStop the IV fluids and start oral fluids only
7.Клиническое сестринское делоСредняя
Which of these is one of the "4 Hs", the reversible causes of cardiac arrest?
- AHyperventilation
- BHyperthyroidism
- CHypoxia
- DHypertension
8.Клиническое сестринское делоСложная
У пациента на зондовом энтеральном питании после длительного голодания развились гипофосфатемия, гипокалиемия и аритмии. Что наиболее вероятно?
- AДемпинг-синдром
- BДиабетический кетоацидоз
- CГипертиреоз
- DСиндром возобновлённого питания (рефидинг-синдром)
9.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСредняя
A patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator asks what to do if it fires. Which teaching is correct?
- AIgnore any shock at all, because the device is designed to fire every day and needs no follow-up
- BDrive straight to hospital alone after any shock so the device can be checked by the team
- CRemove the device battery at home if it fires more than once
- DOne shock and well: contact the device clinic; repeated shocks or unwell: call emergency services
10.Терапия и хирургия: сердечно-сосудистая и дыхательная системыСложная
A patient with stable severe COPD has a blood gas showing pH 7,37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How should this be interpreted?
- AChronic respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation
- BA normal blood gas with no abnormality
- CRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
- DAcute respiratory acidosis needing emergency intubation
11.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСредняя
Which statement about the PSA blood test is correct?
- AA raised result always means prostate cancer
- BA normal result always rules out any prostate cancer
- CIt is only raised in women with bladder cancer
- DIt can be raised by benign problems as well as by cancer
12.Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почкиСложная
A patient with polycystic kidney disease suddenly has the worst headache of their life and neck stiffness. What should the nurse suspect?
- AA migraine linked to high blood pressure
- BA subarachnoid haemorrhage from a brain aneurysm
- CPain spreading upwards from a kidney cyst
- DA urinary infection that has spread
13.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСредняя
Which is a recognised side effect of ondansetron?
- AHearing loss
- BSevere hypoglycaemia
- CHair loss
- DConstipation
14.Терапия и хирургия: ЖКТ, периоперационный период и онкологияСложная
A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?
- ASimple dry skin
- BOsteomyelitis
- CVenous insufficiency
- DA healing category 1 ulcer