Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is the R group of an amino acid?

1. AThe carboxyl group at one end
2. BThe peptide bond between two amino acids
3. CThe amino group that is shared by all amino acids
4. DThe side chain that differs between amino acids

What is a mutagen?

1. AA cell that divides without control
2. BSomething that can cause changes in DNA
3. CA protein that repairs damaged DNA
4. DAn enzyme that copies DNA

What is a haploid cell?

1. AA cell with no nucleus
2. BA cell with one set of chromosomes
3. CA cell with an extra chromosome
4. DA cell with two sets of chromosomes

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

1. AIt brings single amino acids to the ribosome
2. BIt stores genetic information in the nucleus
3. CIt carries the code from DNA to the ribosome
4. DIt forms part of the ribosome and helps join amino acids

A cut in the skin heals as new skin cells fill the wound. Which process produces these cells?

1. AMeiosis
2. BFertilisation
3. CBinary fission
4. DMitosis

Что такое мутация?

1. AИзменение числа клеток в ткани
2. BИзменение последовательности оснований в ДНК
3. CСпаривание гомологичных хромосом
4. DНормальное копирование ДНК перед делением

An mRNA reads AUG-UUU-GGC-UAA. How many amino acids are in the protein made from it?

1. A4
2. B2
3. C12
4. D3

Why are modified viruses often used to deliver genes in gene therapy?

1. AViruses naturally insert their genetic material into host cells
2. BViruses can reproduce without a host cell
3. CViruses are larger than human cells, so they can carry many genes
4. DViruses produce antibodies that fix faulty genes