Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

What is the main role of the cytoskeleton?

  1. AIt joins amino acids into proteins
  2. BIt gives the cell its shape and helps it move
  3. CIt controls which substances enter the cell
  4. DIt stores the genetic code of the cell
2.Лёгкая

What is a model in science?

  1. AA simplified representation of a real system
  2. BAn exact copy that has no limitations
  3. CThe control group of a study
  4. DA single measurement from an experiment
3.Лёгкая

What is the main job of the large central vacuole in a plant cell?

  1. AIt captures light energy for photosynthesis
  2. BIt stores water and keeps the cell firm
  3. CIt assembles proteins from amino acids
  4. DIt copies DNA before the cell divides
4.Средняя

Which DNA bases are purines?

  1. AAdenine and thymine
  2. BCytosine and thymine
  3. CCytosine and guanine
  4. DAdenine and guanine
5.Средняя

Why does each type of virus infect only certain kinds of cells?

  1. AIt can only enter cells that have no nucleus
  2. BIt must find cells with the same DNA as its own
  3. CIt can only enter cells that are dividing by meiosis at that time
  4. DIt must attach to specific receptor proteins on the cell surface
6.Средняя

What is the main role of inflammation after an injury?

  1. ATo make antibodies inside the damaged cells
  2. BTo bring more blood and white blood cells to the area
  3. CTo stop all blood flow to the area so that bleeding ends
  4. DTo destroy the healthy cells around the wound
7.Сложная

A scientist wants to show that a particular microbe causes a disease. According to Koch's postulates, which step is needed?

  1. AThe disease must be treated successfully with antibiotics
  2. BThe microbe must be found in healthy hosts just as often as in sick hosts
  3. CThe microbe grown from a sick host must cause the disease in a healthy host
  4. DThe microbe must be seen in the blood under a light microscope
8.Сложная

Why are organ transplant patients usually given drugs that suppress the immune system?

  1. ATheir immune system would recognise the donor cells as foreign
  2. BThe donor organ contains bacteria that must be killed
  3. CThe drugs help the new organ to grow larger
  4. DThe drugs change the donor organ's DNA so that it matches the patient

Ответы

  1. 1. B · It gives the cell its shape and helps it move
  2. 2. A · A simplified representation of a real system
  3. 3. B · It stores water and keeps the cell firm
  4. 4. D · Adenine and guanine
  5. 5. D · It must attach to specific receptor proteins on the cell surface
  6. 6. B · To bring more blood and white blood cells to the area
  7. 7. C · The microbe grown from a sick host must cause the disease in a healthy host
  8. 8. A · Their immune system would recognise the donor cells as foreign

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