Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

What is a neuron?

  1. AA muscle cell that contracts
  2. BA bone cell that stores calcium
  3. CA nerve cell that carries electrical signals
  4. DA blood cell that carries oxygen around the body
2.Лёгкая

What is a zygote?

  1. AAn unfertilised egg cell
  2. BA haploid cell made by meiosis
  3. CThe diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilises an egg
  4. DA body cell that has just completed its first round of mitosis
3.Лёгкая

Who first worked out the basic rules of inheritance by breeding pea plants?

  1. ACharles Darwin
  2. BGregor Mendel
  3. CLouis Pasteur
  4. DRobert Hooke
4.Средняя

Why must human gametes be haploid?

  1. ASo that the gametes can divide quickly by mitosis
  2. BSo that the zygote has the normal number of 46 chromosomes
  3. CSo that the zygote has twice the normal number of chromosomes
  4. DSo that the gametes can make more proteins
5.Средняя

Why can an electron microscope show more detail than a light microscope?

  1. AElectron microscopes use stronger glass lenses
  2. BElectrons are brighter than light
  3. CElectrons have a much shorter wavelength than light
  4. DElectron microscopes use living cells only
6.Средняя

В какой фазе митоза сестринские хроматиды растаскиваются к противоположным полюсам?

  1. AВ интерфазе
  2. BВ метафазе
  3. CВ профазе
  4. DВ анафазе
7.Сложная

Why are organ transplant patients usually given drugs that suppress the immune system?

  1. AThe drugs change the donor organ's DNA so that it matches the patient
  2. BTheir immune system would recognise the donor cells as foreign
  3. CThe drugs help the new organ to grow larger
  4. DThe donor organ contains bacteria that must be killed
8.Сложная

A plant is kept in the dark to use up its starch. One leaf is then sealed in a bag with a chemical that absorbs CO₂, and the plant is placed in light. Later, that leaf has no starch, but the other leaves do. What does this show?

  1. ACarbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis
  2. BLight is needed for photosynthesis
  3. COxygen is needed for photosynthesis
  4. DChlorophyll is needed for photosynthesis

Ответы

  1. 1. C · A nerve cell that carries electrical signals
  2. 2. C · The diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilises an egg
  3. 3. B · Gregor Mendel
  4. 4. B · So that the zygote has the normal number of 46 chromosomes
  5. 5. C · Electrons have a much shorter wavelength than light
  6. 6. D · В анафазе
  7. 7. B · Their immune system would recognise the donor cells as foreign
  8. 8. A · Carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis

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