Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is cytokinesis?

1. AThe division of the cytoplasm into two cells
2. BThe copying of DNA before division
3. CThe condensing of chromosomes in prophase
4. DThe pairing of homologous chromosomes

Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls and acts as dietary fibre?

1. ACellulose
2. BGlucose
3. CLactose
4. DGlycogen

What do centrioles do in an animal cell?

1. AThey capture light for photosynthesis
2. BThey help organise the spindle during cell division
3. CThey make lipids for the cell membrane
4. DThey store the cell's digestive enzymes until they are needed

What is a random sample?

1. AA group where everyone in the population has an equal chance of being chosen
2. BA group chosen by the researcher because they are easy to reach and willing
3. CA group chosen because they are likely to support the hypothesis
4. DA group made only of people who volunteer to take part

The genetic code is described as nearly universal. What does this mean?

1. AThe same codons mean the same amino acids in nearly all organisms
2. BAll organisms have the same number of chromosomes in their cells
3. CEvery cell in the body makes the same proteins
4. DAll organisms have exactly the same genes

An organism is multicellular, makes its own food by photosynthesis and has cell walls of cellulose. Which kingdom does it belong to?

1. AAnimals
2. BFungi
3. CBacteria
4. DPlants

Two genes lie very close together on the same chromosome. In a test cross, most offspring look like the parents instead of the expected 1:1:1:1 ratio. Why?

1. AThe genes are on different chromosomes and assort independently
2. BThe genes are linked and are rarely separated by crossing over
3. CA frameshift mutation happened in both genes
4. DBoth genes show incomplete dominance

The field of view of a microscope is 0,5 mm wide. About 10 cells fit across it in a line. What is the approximate width of one cell?

1. A50 µm
2. B5 µm
3. C500 µm
4. D0,5 µm