Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is a stem cell?

1. AA plant cell found only in the stem
2. BA fully specialised cell that can no longer divide or change its type
3. CAn unspecialised cell that can divide and become other cell types
4. DA cell that carries oxygen in the blood

What are restriction enzymes?

1. AEnzymes that join amino acids into proteins
2. BEnzymes that digest fats in the intestine
3. CEnzymes that copy RNA into DNA
4. DEnzymes that cut DNA at specific base sequences

Which organelle makes lipids and helps break down drugs and toxins in liver cells?

1. ARough endoplasmic reticulum
2. BNucleolus
3. CCentriole
4. DSmooth endoplasmic reticulum

Растение с красными цветками скрещивают с растением с белыми цветками, и все потомки имеют розовые цветки. О чём это свидетельствует?

1. AО кодоминировании
2. BО полном доминировании
3. CО неполном доминировании
4. DО признаке, сцепленном с полом

A protein is made to be secreted out of the cell. What path does it follow?

1. AGolgi apparatus, then rough ER, then nucleus, then cell membrane
2. BSmooth ER, then mitochondrion, then vesicle, then cell membrane
3. CNucleus, then lysosome, then Golgi apparatus, then cell membrane
4. DRough ER, then Golgi apparatus, then vesicle, then cell membrane

A study finds a positive correlation between hours of exercise and lung capacity. What does this mean?

1. AThere is no link between the two variables
2. BExercise has been proven to cause higher lung capacity
3. CAs exercise increases, lung capacity tends to increase
4. DAs exercise increases, lung capacity tends to decrease

Two parents are both carriers of cystic fibrosis, an autosomal recessive disorder. They have three children. What is the probability that none of the three is affected?

1. A1/64
2. B9/16
3. C3/4
4. D27/64

In a trial, 20% of patients improve on a new drug and 18% improve on a placebo. What is the best conclusion?

1. AThe drug is ten times better than the placebo
2. BThe placebo was harmful to the patients
3. CThe drug works well, because 20% of patients improved
4. DThe drug adds little benefit beyond the placebo