Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is a neuron?

1. AA blood cell that carries oxygen around the body
2. BA muscle cell that contracts
3. CA bone cell that stores calcium
4. DA nerve cell that carries electrical signals

Who first worked out the basic rules of inheritance by breeding pea plants?

1. AGregor Mendel
2. BCharles Darwin
3. CRobert Hooke
4. DLouis Pasteur

Which protein carries oxygen in red blood cells?

1. AInsulin
2. BHaemoglobin
3. CKeratin
4. DCollagen

Human adult height varies across a smooth, continuous range rather than falling into a few separate groups. What is the best explanation?

1. AIt is controlled by many genes and also affected by environment
2. BIt is an X-linked recessive trait
3. CIt is controlled by one gene with two alleles and full dominance
4. DIt is controlled only by the environment

The human arm, bat wing and whale flipper contain the same set of bones. What does this suggest?

1. AThey are the result of acquired traits
2. BThey evolved completely separately
3. CThey have the same function
4. DThey share a common ancestor

In a eukaryotic cell, where does transcription take place?

1. AIn the lysosomes
2. BOn ribosomes in the cytoplasm
3. CIn the nucleus
4. DIn the Golgi apparatus

Молекула, по форме похожая на субстрат, связывается с активным центром фермента и замедляет реакцию. Как можно уменьшить её эффект?

1. AДобавив больше ингибитора
2. BДобавив гораздо больше субстрата
3. CУменьшив количество субстрата
4. DУдалив всю воду из реакции

Scientists put a human gene into bacteria to make a protein. Why do they use a DNA copy made from the mature mRNA instead of the gene taken straight from human DNA?

1. ABacteria have no ribosomes
2. BBacteria cannot read human codons
3. CHuman DNA has no start codons
4. DBacteria cannot remove introns