Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Что верно для доминантного аллеля?

1. AОн никогда не проявляется в фенотипе
2. BОн проявляет свой эффект, когда присутствует только одна копия
3. CОн проявляет свой эффект, только когда присутствуют две копии
4. DОн всегда наследуется от матери

Какой прибор используется, чтобы увидеть отдельные клетки?

1. AТермометр
2. BТелескоп
3. CСпектрометр для звука
4. DМикроскоп

What is an organism's genotype?

1. AThe traits that can be seen or measured
2. BThe environment in which it lives
3. CThe number of cells in its body
4. DThe alleles it carries for a trait

In a eukaryotic cell, where does transcription take place?

1. AIn the lysosomes
2. BOn ribosomes in the cytoplasm
3. CIn the Golgi apparatus
4. DIn the nucleus

Dolly the sheep was cloned by putting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an egg cell whose nucleus had been removed. Whose nuclear DNA did Dolly have?

1. AThe sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
2. BAn equal mix of all three sheep
3. CThe sheep that carried the pregnancy
4. DThe sheep that gave the egg cell

What are introns?

1. AShort pieces of DNA made on the lagging strand
2. BNon-coding sections removed from pre-mRNA before translation
3. CCoding sections joined together to form the mature mRNA
4. DCodons that tell the ribosome to stop translation

Why can O-negative red blood cells be given to patients of almost any blood type in an emergency?

1. AThey carry all of the A, B and RhD antigens
2. BTheir plasma contains anti-A and anti-B antibodies
3. CThey have no haemoglobin to react with
4. DThey carry no A, B or RhD antigens

Some chemotherapy drugs stop spindle fibres from forming. Why do they often cause hair loss and damage to the gut lining?

1. AThese tissues also contain rapidly dividing cells
2. BThese tissues are made only of haploid cells
3. CThese cells divide by meiosis instead of mitosis
4. DThese cells have no mitochondria