Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is a haploid cell?

1. AA cell with one set of chromosomes
2. BA cell with an extra chromosome
3. CA cell with two sets of chromosomes
4. DA cell with no nucleus

Which of these hormones is a steroid?

1. AGrowth hormone
2. BTestosterone
3. CGlucagon
4. DInsulin

Which pigment absorbs light energy for photosynthesis?

1. AMelanin
2. BChlorophyll
3. CKeratin
4. DHaemoglobin

A greenhouse is warm and brightly lit, but the air has very little carbon dioxide. What is most likely limiting the rate of photosynthesis?

1. AThe temperature
2. BThe number of stomata
3. CThe light intensity in the greenhouse
4. DThe carbon dioxide concentration

What is an inversion mutation?

1. AA segment of a chromosome moves to a different, non-matching chromosome
2. BA whole extra chromosome is added to the cell
3. CA segment of a chromosome is lost completely
4. DA chromosome segment breaks off and is reattached the wrong way round

What are introns?

1. ACoding sections joined together to form the mature mRNA
2. BNon-coding sections removed from pre-mRNA before translation
3. CCodons that tell the ribosome to stop translation
4. DShort pieces of DNA made on the lagging strand

A plant that is AaBb is crossed with an AaBB plant. A and B are dominant, and the genes assort independently. What fraction of the offspring show both dominant traits?

1. A1/2
2. B3/4
3. C1/4
4. D9/16

A man has Klinefelter syndrome (XXY). Which error most likely produced it?

1. ANondisjunction of the sex chromosomes during meiosis in a parent
2. BA frameshift mutation in one of the genes on the father's Y chromosome
3. CExtra mitosis in the zygote after fertilisation
4. DCrossing over between chromosome 21 and the X chromosome