Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Which piece of equipment gives the most precise measurement of a liquid volume?

1. AA graduated cylinder
2. BA test tube
3. CA beaker
4. DA Petri dish

Осмос — это диффузия какого вещества через избирательно проницаемую мембрану?

1. AГлюкозы
2. BБелков
3. CИонов натрия
4. DВоды

Какое основание встречается в РНК, но не в ДНК?

1. AГуанин
2. BТимин
3. CУрацил
4. DАденин

What happens during telophase of mitosis?

1. AThe chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell
2. BA nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
3. CThe sister chromatids are pulled apart
4. DThe DNA is copied for the next division

Why do chromosomes condense into short, thick shapes before mitosis?

1. ASo they can be moved apart without tangling or breaking
2. BSo that they can leave through the nuclear pores
3. CSo that genes can be transcribed more easily
4. DSo that they can be copied more quickly

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

1. AIt breaks pyruvate into lactic acid
2. BIt is built into glucose molecules
3. CIt is split to release the energy needed for glycolysis
4. DIt accepts electrons at the end of the transport chain

A pesticide that is not broken down is sprayed on crops. Later, hawks at the top of the food chain have much higher levels of it than the insects. Why?

1. AHawks make the pesticide in their own bodies
2. BEach predator eats many prey, so the pesticide builds up at each level
3. CThe pesticide is broken down faster in insects than in plants
4. DHawks eat the crops directly, so they take in the most pesticide of all

Which parent's gamete decides the biological sex of a human baby, and why?

1. AThe mother's, because an egg carries either an X or a Y
2. BBoth equally, because each gives one Y chromosome
3. CThe father's, because a sperm carries either an X or a Y
4. DThe mother's, because she gives two X chromosomes