Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Какова основная функция аппарата Гольджи?

1. AОбразование АТФ в процессе клеточного дыхания
2. BРегуляция включения генов
3. CКопирование ДНК перед делением клетки
4. DМодификация и упаковка белков

What is the main job of the nucleolus?

1. AIt stores water and salts for the nucleus
2. BIt digests worn-out parts of the cell
3. CIt makes ribosomal RNA and builds ribosome parts
4. DIt releases energy from glucose for the nucleus

Осмос — это диффузия какого вещества через избирательно проницаемую мембрану?

1. AВоды
2. BГлюкозы
3. CИонов натрия
4. DБелков

HIV is a retrovirus. What does its enzyme reverse transcriptase do?

1. AIt makes proteins from the virus's DNA
2. BIt makes RNA from the host's DNA
3. CIt makes DNA from the virus's RNA
4. DIt breaks down the host's ribosomes

Which sequence describes the usual flow of genetic information in a cell?

1. ADNA to protein to RNA
2. BDNA to RNA to protein
3. CProtein to RNA to DNA
4. DRNA to DNA to protein

Как фермент ускоряет химическую реакцию?

1. AОн снижает энергию активации
2. BОн расходуется как реагент
3. CОн повышает температуру клетки
4. DОн добавляет энергию продуктам

Parts of a protein chain coil into alpha helices and fold into beta sheets, held by hydrogen bonds. Which level of protein structure is this?

1. ASecondary structure
2. BTertiary structure
3. CPrimary structure
4. DQuaternary structure

Some viruses are surrounded by a lipid envelope taken from the host cell's membrane. Why are these viruses usually inactivated easily by soap and alcohol?

1. ASoap and alcohol dissolve the viral DNA directly
2. BEnveloped viruses have no proteins at all
3. CSoap and alcohol break up the lipid envelope
4. DThe envelope is made of chitin, which soap digests