Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Which feature helps a sperm cell carry out its job?

1. AA cell wall for protection
2. BA flagellum for swimming
3. CChloroplasts for making food
4. DA large vacuole for storing water

What is the job of the capsule found around some bacteria?

1. AIt holds the bacterium's main chromosome
2. BIt is used to swim through liquids
3. CIt protects the cell, for example from white blood cells
4. DIt helps the bacterium make energy by photosynthesis

What does the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) do?

1. AIt cuts DNA at specific sequences
2. BIt makes many copies of a piece of DNA
3. CIt turns RNA into protein
4. DIt separates proteins by their charge

Salivary amylase begins the digestion of which nutrient in the mouth?

1. AProtein
2. BCellulose
3. CFat
4. DStarch

HIV is a retrovirus. What does its enzyme reverse transcriptase do?

1. AIt makes DNA from the virus's RNA
2. BIt breaks down the host's ribosomes
3. CIt makes RNA from the host's DNA
4. DIt makes proteins from the virus's DNA

In which part of the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions happen?

1. AIn the cell wall
2. BIn the outer membrane
3. CIn the thylakoid membranes
4. DIn the stroma

In the Hershey–Chase experiment, viruses were labelled with radioactive phosphorus in their DNA or radioactive sulfur in their protein. Only the phosphorus entered the infected bacteria. What did this show?

1. ABacteria take up any radioactive substance
2. BViruses contain no DNA at all
3. CDNA, not protein, is the genetic material of the virus
4. DProtein, not DNA, is the genetic material of the virus

Какое утверждение правильно сравнивает митоз и мейоз?

1. AМитоз включает два деления и даёт четыре идентичные клетки
2. BМейоз даёт две клетки, идентичные родительской
3. CМейоз включает два деления и даёт четыре генетически различные гаплоидные клетки
4. DОба процесса дают для размножения гаметы с вдвое меньшим числом хромосом, чем в родительской клетке