Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is a chromosomal deletion?

1. AAn extra copy of a whole chromosome
2. BThe swap of a single DNA base
3. CA piece of chromosome that is turned around
4. DThe loss of a piece of a chromosome

Which definition of a species is most often used for animals?

1. AAll of the different organisms that live together in one area
2. BAny organisms that look alike
3. CAll the animals that eat the same food
4. DA group that can interbreed and have fertile offspring

Which protein carries oxygen in red blood cells?

1. ACollagen
2. BHaemoglobin
3. CInsulin
4. DKeratin

Why can an electron microscope show more detail than a light microscope?

1. AElectrons are brighter than light
2. BElectrons have a much shorter wavelength than light
3. CElectron microscopes use stronger glass lenses
4. DElectron microscopes use living cells only

Why can DNA profiling (fingerprinting) identify individual people?

1. AEvery person has a different number of chromosomes in their cells
2. BEach person's genes code for different amino acids
3. CDNA in blood differs from DNA in skin
4. DRepeated non-coding DNA regions vary in length between people

Why can small nonpolar molecules cross the cell membrane easily while ions cannot?

1. AIons are larger than most membrane proteins
2. BThe membrane carries a strong positive charge
3. CThe bilayer's core is made of hydrophobic tails
4. DThe membrane is made mostly of long carbohydrate chains

At dawn, a plant shows no overall uptake or release of oxygen or carbon dioxide. What is the best explanation?

1. AIt has stopped both photosynthesis and respiration until it is light
2. BIts stomata are permanently closed at dawn
3. CIt only respires at dawn
4. DIts rate of photosynthesis equals its rate of respiration

У матери группа крови A (генотип Iᴬi), у отца — B (Iᴮi). Какие группы крови возможны у их детей?

1. AТолько A, B и AB
2. BA, B, AB и O
3. CТолько AB
4. DТолько A и B