Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Что такое фенотип?

1. AПорядок оснований в гене
2. BЧисло хромосом в гамете
3. CПара аллелей, которые организм несёт для данного гена
4. DНаблюдаемый признак, например цвет глаз

What are round (spherical) bacteria called?

1. ACocci
2. BBacilli
3. CSpirilla
4. DVibrios

What is a karyotype?

1. AA picture of a cell's chromosomes arranged in pairs by size
2. BA map of the organelles inside a cell
3. CA diagram of a family's inheritance pattern
4. DA list of all the proteins that a cell makes during its life

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single base change that replaces one amino acid in haemoglobin. What type of mutation is this?

1. AA frameshift mutation
2. BA silent mutation
3. CA missense mutation
4. DA nonsense mutation

What is a random sample?

1. AA group where everyone in the population has an equal chance of being chosen
2. BA group chosen because they are likely to support the hypothesis
3. CA group made only of people who volunteer to take part
4. DA group chosen by the researcher because they are easy to reach and willing

A thermometer gives readings of 36,1, 36,1 and 36,2 °C for a water bath that is really at 37,0 °C. How are these readings best described?

1. ABoth accurate and precise
2. BPrecise but not accurate
3. CAccurate but not precise
4. DNeither accurate nor precise

One sample of an enzyme is boiled and then cooled to 37 °C. Another is kept at 4 °C and then warmed to 37 °C. Which sample will work at 37 °C?

1. ABoth samples will work equally well
2. BOnly the sample that was kept at 4 °C
3. CNeither sample will work
4. DOnly the sample that was boiled

PCR starts with one double-stranded DNA molecule, and the number of copies doubles each cycle. How many copies are there after 10 cycles?

1. A1024
2. B20
3. C512
4. D100