Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

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Имя: ____________________   Дата: ____________

1.Лёгкая

What is a tissue?

  1. ASeveral organs that work together
  2. BA structure inside a cell
  3. CA single cell that has one special job in the body
  4. DA group of similar cells that work together
2.Лёгкая

What does the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) do?

  1. AIt makes many copies of a piece of DNA
  2. BIt cuts DNA at specific sequences
  3. CIt turns RNA into protein
  4. DIt separates proteins by their charge
3.Лёгкая

What is a stem cell?

  1. AA cell that carries oxygen in the blood
  2. BA fully specialised cell that can no longer divide or change its type
  3. CA plant cell found only in the stem
  4. DAn unspecialised cell that can divide and become other cell types
4.Средняя

By which process does oxygen enter a cell and carbon dioxide leave it?

  1. ASimple diffusion through the lipid bilayer
  2. BFacilitated diffusion through glucose carriers
  3. CEndocytosis in small vesicles
  4. DActive transport by membrane pumps
5.Средняя

What does Mendel's law of segregation state?

  1. AThe two alleles of a gene separate so each gamete gets only one
  2. BDominant alleles are more common in a population than recessive ones
  3. CEach gamete receives both alleles of every gene
  4. DGenes on different chromosomes are always inherited together
6.Средняя

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

  1. AIt forms part of the ribosome and helps join amino acids
  2. BIt carries the code from DNA to the ribosome
  3. CIt brings single amino acids to the ribosome
  4. DIt stores genetic information in the nucleus
7.Сложная

Bacteria in a closed flask grow quickly at first, but the population then stops increasing. What is the main reason?

  1. AThe bacteria stop dividing once they reach adult size
  2. BThe bacteria change into viruses after many divisions
  3. CThe flask becomes too cold for growth
  4. DNutrients run out and waste products build up
8.Сложная

Cyanide stops mitochondria from making ATP. Which process in the affected cells would stop first?

  1. ASimple diffusion of oxygen into the cell
  2. BPumping of Na⁺ and K⁺ by the sodium-potassium pump
  3. COsmosis of water across the membrane
  4. DFacilitated diffusion of glucose down its gradient

Ответы

  1. 1. D · A group of similar cells that work together
  2. 2. A · It makes many copies of a piece of DNA
  3. 3. D · An unspecialised cell that can divide and become other cell types
  4. 4. A · Simple diffusion through the lipid bilayer
  5. 5. A · The two alleles of a gene separate so each gamete gets only one
  6. 6. A · It forms part of the ribosome and helps join amino acids
  7. 7. D · Nutrients run out and waste products build up
  8. 8. B · Pumping of Na⁺ and K⁺ by the sodium-potassium pump

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