Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Каковы строительные блоки (мономеры) белков?

1. AАминокислоты
2. BМоносахариды
3. CЖирные кислоты
4. DНуклеотиды

В какой органелле происходит фотосинтез?

1. AВ митохондрии
2. BВ хлоропласте
3. CВ ядре
4. DВ аппарате Гольджи

Что такое независимая переменная в эксперименте?

1. AФактор, который измеряют как результат
2. BФактор, который исследователь намеренно изменяет
3. CГруппа, не получающая воздействия
4. DФактор, одинаковый во всех группах

Why do plants wilt when the soil around their roots becomes very salty?

1. AWater leaves the root cells by osmosis
2. BSalt blocks sunlight from reaching the leaves
3. CThe roots take in too much water
4. DSalt makes the root cells swell and burst

Nerve cells release chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) stored in vesicles. By which process are they released?

1. AEndocytosis
2. BPhagocytosis
3. COsmosis
4. DExocytosis

How are photosynthesis and aerobic respiration related?

1. AThe products of one are the reactants of the other
2. BBoth release oxygen into the air
3. CBoth take place only in chloroplasts
4. DBoth happen only in animal cells, never in plant cells

Two populations of one species live on separate islands for many thousands of years. When brought together, they can no longer interbreed. What has happened?

1. ASpeciation after geographic isolation
2. BArtificial selection by humans
3. CHybrid vigour from crossbreeding
4. DHomeostasis in both populations

The rate of an enzyme reaction rises as substrate is added but then levels off, even when more substrate is added. Why?

1. AAll the active sites are occupied
2. BThe substrate has become an inhibitor
3. CThe enzyme has been denatured
4. DThe products have turned back into substrate