Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is the resolution of a microscope?

1. AIts ability to show two close points as separate
2. BHow large the field of view is
3. CHow many times larger it makes the image of the specimen
4. DHow bright the image appears

What is true of a recessive allele?

1. AIts trait shows whenever one copy is present
2. BIt is found only on the X chromosome
3. CIt is always harmful to the organism
4. DIts trait shows only when two copies are present

К какой группе биомолекул относится большинство ферментов?

1. AК углеводам
2. BК минеральным веществам
3. CК липидам
4. DК белкам

In evolution, what does an organism's fitness mean?

1. AHow many offspring it leaves that survive and reproduce
2. BHow long the organism lives
3. CHow large the organism grows
4. DHow strong and fast the organism is compared with others

Which kind of mutation can be passed on to a person's children?

1. AA mutation in a liver cell caused by alcohol
2. BA mutation in a skin cell caused by sunlight
3. CA mutation in a white blood cell during infection
4. DA mutation in a cell that forms eggs or sperm

What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

1. AAn epidemic is caused only by bacteria
2. BA pandemic spreads across many countries or continents
3. CAn epidemic affects the whole world at once
4. DA pandemic affects only one town

A karyotype shows three copies of chromosome 21. Which condition does this indicate, and how many chromosomes does the person have?

1. ADown syndrome, with 45 chromosomes
2. BDown syndrome, with 47 chromosomes
3. CTurner syndrome, with 47 chromosomes
4. DKlinefelter syndrome, with 45 chromosomes

Ignoring crossing over, how many different combinations of chromosomes can one person's gametes have because of independent assortment?

1. A46, one for each chromosome
2. B23², about 529
3. C2²³, about 8 million
4. D2 × 23, which is 46