Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What are round (spherical) bacteria called?

1. AVibrios
2. BBacilli
3. CSpirilla
4. DCocci

What is the main role of the cytoskeleton?

1. AIt controls which substances enter the cell
2. BIt gives the cell its shape and helps it move
3. CIt joins amino acids into proteins
4. DIt stores the genetic code of the cell

What is an adaptation?

1. AA change an organism makes during its lifetime that it then passes on
2. BAny mutation that damages a gene
3. CA disease that weakens a population
4. DAn inherited trait that helps an organism survive in its environment

Чем насыщенные жиры отличаются от ненасыщенных?

1. AОни легко растворяются в воде
2. BОни содержат азот и образуют белки
3. CВ них много двойных связей, и они жидкие при комнатной температуре
4. DВ них нет двойных связей C=C, и обычно они твёрдые

When plotting the results of an experiment, which variable usually goes on the y-axis?

1. AThe independent variable
2. BThe dependent variable
3. CThe time the experiment started
4. DThe controlled variable

Why can small nonpolar molecules cross the cell membrane easily while ions cannot?

1. AThe bilayer's core is made of hydrophobic tails
2. BThe membrane carries a strong positive charge
3. CThe membrane is made mostly of long carbohydrate chains
4. DIons are larger than most membrane proteins

How does the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system find the right place to cut DNA?

1. AA guide RNA pairs with the matching DNA sequence
2. BIt reads the amino acid sequence of the protein
3. CIt binds only to the start codon of every gene
4. DThe Cas9 protein cuts DNA at random sites

A drug lowered blood pressure in a study of 20 men aged 40 to 50. Why might the result not apply to women over 70?

1. AThe results were too precise to be trusted
2. BThe study had a dependent variable
3. CThe sample did not represent that group
4. DBlood pressure cannot be measured in older women