Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Where in the cell does glycolysis take place?

1. AIn the nucleus
2. BIn the mitochondrial matrix
3. CIn the cytoplasm
4. DIn the chloroplast

What is apoptosis?

1. ADivision of the cytoplasm
2. BProgrammed cell death
3. CFusion of two gametes
4. DUncontrolled cell division

What does xylem carry in a plant?

1. ASugars from the leaves to the roots
2. BOxygen from the leaves to the roots
3. CSeeds from the flowers to the soil
4. DWater and minerals from the roots upward

Why is a buffer system important in blood?

1. AIt raises the blood glucose level
2. BIt carries oxygen to the tissues
3. CIt resists changes in pH
4. DIt makes the blood clot faster

Many vitamins act as coenzymes. What does this mean?

1. AThey help enzymes carry out their reactions
2. BThey are built into the cell membrane
3. CThey are digested to release large amounts of energy
4. DThey replace enzymes that have been denatured

What is the role of cholesterol in animal cell membranes?

1. AIt carries glucose molecules across the membrane into the cell
2. BIt forms a rigid wall around the cell
3. CIt keeps membrane fluidity stable as temperature changes
4. DIt stores the cell's genetic information

Cyanide stops mitochondria from making ATP. Which process in the affected cells would stop first?

1. ASimple diffusion of oxygen into the cell
2. BFacilitated diffusion of glucose down its gradient
3. CPumping of Na⁺ and K⁺ by the sodium-potassium pump
4. DOsmosis of water across the membrane

A large molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus. Its monomers each have a sugar and a base. What type of molecule is it?

1. AA lipid
2. BA protein
3. CA nucleic acid
4. DA carbohydrate