Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is the main job of the nucleolus?

1. AIt makes ribosomal RNA and builds ribosome parts
2. BIt releases energy from glucose for the nucleus
3. CIt digests worn-out parts of the cell
4. DIt stores water and salts for the nucleus

В какой органелле происходит фотосинтез?

1. AВ хлоропласте
2. BВ митохондрии
3. CВ аппарате Гольджи
4. DВ ядре

What does it mean that a cell membrane is selectively permeable?

1. AIt lets every substance cross freely in both directions
2. BIt lets only water molecules cross
3. CIt lets some substances cross but not others
4. DIt lets no substance cross at all

What is an inversion mutation?

1. AA segment of a chromosome is lost completely
2. BA segment of a chromosome moves to a different, non-matching chromosome
3. CA whole extra chromosome is added to the cell
4. DA chromosome segment breaks off and is reattached the wrong way round

Which statement about Archaea is correct?

1. AThey are prokaryotes, and many live in extreme environments
2. BThey are a type of virus
3. CThey are eukaryotes that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
4. DThey are multicellular plants

Yeast in bread dough breaks down sugar without oxygen. What does it produce?

1. AGlucose and oxygen
2. BOxygen and water
3. CEthanol and carbon dioxide
4. DLactic acid and carbon dioxide

Two parents are both carriers of cystic fibrosis, an autosomal recessive disorder. They have three children. What is the probability that none of the three is affected?

1. A9/16
2. B1/64
3. C3/4
4. D27/64

A dihybrid cross gives offspring in a ratio of about 9 : 3 : 3 : 1. What does this suggest?

1. ABoth parents are homozygous dominant for both genes
2. BBoth parents are heterozygous for two genes that assort independently
3. CThe two genes are tightly linked on the same chromosome
4. DOne parent is AaBb and the other is homozygous aabb