Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is a mutagen?

1. ASomething that can cause changes in DNA
2. BA protein that repairs damaged DNA
3. CAn enzyme that copies DNA
4. DA cell that divides without control

What is a monomer?

1. AA very large molecule that is made of many smaller units
2. BA small unit that joins with others to form a polymer
3. CA molecule that contains no carbon
4. DAn enzyme that breaks down polymers

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix and separates the two strands for copying?

1. AHelicase
2. BLipase
3. CLigase
4. DAmylase

When plotting the results of an experiment, which variable usually goes on the y-axis?

1. AThe controlled variable
2. BThe independent variable
3. CThe dependent variable
4. DThe time the experiment started

Какая последовательность комплементарна цепи ДНК A-T-G-C-C-A?

1. AT-A-C-G-G-T
2. BA-T-G-C-C-A
3. CG-C-A-T-T-G
4. DU-A-C-G-G-U

A protein is made to be secreted out of the cell. What path does it follow?

1. ASmooth ER, then mitochondrion, then vesicle, then cell membrane
2. BNucleus, then lysosome, then Golgi apparatus, then cell membrane
3. CRough ER, then Golgi apparatus, then vesicle, then cell membrane
4. DGolgi apparatus, then rough ER, then nucleus, then cell membrane

The number of bacteria in a sample rises from 200 to 500. What is the percentage increase?

1. A60%
2. B300%
3. C250%
4. D150%

The antibiotic tetracycline binds to bacterial ribosomes. Which process does it block, and why are human cells much less affected?

1. ATranscription, because human cells have no RNA polymerase of their own
2. BTranslation, because human cells have no ribosomes
3. CTranslation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
4. DDNA replication, because bacteria have no DNA polymerase