Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Что такое гипотеза в научном методе?

1. AСписок выполненных измерений
2. BПроверяемое объяснение или предположение
3. CВывод, доказанный как истинный
4. DШирокое объяснение, подтверждённое многими экспериментами

What is a pathogen?

1. AA medicine that kills bacteria
2. BA harmless microbe living on the skin
3. CA microorganism or agent that causes disease
4. DA cell of the immune system that fights infection

What does phloem carry in a plant?

1. ASugars made in the leaves
2. BWater from the roots only
3. CCarbon dioxide from the air
4. DChlorophyll to the stem

Why is water good at dissolving salts and sugars?

1. AIt contains carbon atoms
2. BIt has a very low boiling point
3. CIts molecules are nonpolar
4. DIts molecules are polar

Dolly the sheep was cloned by putting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an egg cell whose nucleus had been removed. Whose nuclear DNA did Dolly have?

1. AThe sheep that gave the egg cell
2. BThe sheep that carried the pregnancy
3. CThe sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
4. DAn equal mix of all three sheep

A bone marrow transplant can treat some blood cancers. Why does it work?

1. AThe donor red cells divide to make more red cells
2. BThe transplant replaces the patient's bones
3. CThe donor stem cells produce new, healthy blood cells
4. DThe donor marrow contains antibiotics that kill cancer

During the Industrial Revolution, soot darkened tree trunks in parts of England, and dark peppered moths became more common than pale ones. What best explains this?

1. ADark moths were produced by the polluted air
2. BThe soot settled on the pale moths and slowly turned them dark
3. CThe moths chose to become dark to hide
4. DBirds found and ate fewer dark moths on the dark trunks

Liver cells take in cholesterol-carrying LDL particles only after the particles bind to specific proteins on the cell surface. Which process is this?

1. AReceptor-mediated endocytosis
2. BSimple diffusion
3. CPinocytosis of extracellular fluid
4. DExocytosis