Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What is the main job of the large central vacuole in a plant cell?

1. AIt captures light energy for photosynthesis
2. BIt copies DNA before the cell divides
3. CIt assembles proteins from amino acids
4. DIt stores water and keeps the cell firm

Где находится большая часть ДНК эукариотической клетки?

1. AВ клеточной стенке
2. BВ клеточной мембране
3. CВ лизосомах
4. DВ ядре

What are cilia?

1. AOpenings in the nuclear envelope
2. BSmall round sacs that hold digestive enzymes
3. CFolds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that make ATP
4. DShort hair-like projections that beat in waves

What is a prion?

1. AA very small virus with a DNA genome
2. BA fungal spore that infects the brain
3. CA misfolded protein that causes normal proteins to misfold
4. DA bacterium without a cell wall that lives inside nerve cells

Golden rice was genetically modified to make beta-carotene. What is the aim?

1. ATo help prevent vitamin A deficiency
2. BTo make the rice grow faster in cold climates
3. CTo make the rice resistant to all insects
4. DTo increase the protein content of the rice

What is meant by independent assortment in meiosis?

1. ASister chromatids stay joined until the end of meiosis, so all gametes are identical
2. BHomologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
3. CAll chromosomes from the mother go into the same gamete
4. DDNA is copied separately in each chromosome

Mature human red blood cells have no nucleus and no mitochondria. What follows from this?

1. AThey make ATP by aerobic respiration using the oxygen they carry
2. BThey cannot divide and make their ATP by glycolysis only
3. CThey keep making new haemoglobin throughout their life
4. DThey live longer than almost all other body cells

One sample of an enzyme is boiled and then cooled to 37 °C. Another is kept at 4 °C and then warmed to 37 °C. Which sample will work at 37 °C?

1. ABoth samples will work equally well
2. BNeither sample will work
3. COnly the sample that was kept at 4 °C
4. DOnly the sample that was boiled