Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Каковы мономеры нуклеиновых кислот, например ДНК?

1. AАминокислоты
2. BМолекулы глюкозы
3. CМолекулы глицерина
4. DНуклеотиды

What is cell differentiation?

1. AThe process by which DNA is copied
2. BThe process by which cells die on purpose
3. CThe process by which cells become specialised
4. DThe process by which a cell divides into two

Who first used the word "cells" after looking at thin slices of cork under a microscope?

1. AGregor Mendel
2. BRobert Hooke
3. CLouis Pasteur
4. DCharles Darwin

A solution of pH 4 is compared with a solution of pH 6. How many times more hydrogen ions does the pH 4 solution have?

1. A100 times
2. B20 times
3. C2 times
4. D10 times

What happens during telophase of mitosis?

1. AThe sister chromatids are pulled apart
2. BThe chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell
3. CA nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
4. DThe DNA is copied for the next division

Why do red blood cells have a flattened, biconcave disc shape?

1. AIt makes them stick to vessel walls
2. BIt gives a large surface area for gas exchange
3. CIt helps them divide faster
4. DIt lets them hold a larger nucleus and more DNA

Which evidence supports the theory that mitochondria came from bacteria that lived inside an ancient cell?

1. AThey are found in all prokaryotic cells
2. BThey have their own circular DNA, ribosomes and a double membrane
3. CThey make the proteins used by the whole cell, including the nucleus
4. DThey have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan

A patient with type A blood is given type B red blood cells by mistake. What is the cause of the reaction that follows?

1. AThe donor's B antigens destroy the patient's white blood cells
2. BAnti-B antibodies in the patient's plasma attack the donor cells
3. CThe patient's A antigens dissolve the donor's haemoglobin
4. DAnti-A antibodies on the donor cells attack the patient's plasma