Инфекционный контроль и безопасность пациента: лист заданий с ответами

What is a healthcare-associated infection?

1. AAn infection that was already present or incubating when the patient was admitted
2. BAn infection that only affects health care workers, not patients
3. CAn infection acquired during care that was not present or incubating on admission
4. DAn infection caught at home from a family member during recovery

Why do hospital electrical devices have three-prong plugs?

1. AThe third prong stops the plug from being pulled out by accident
2. BThe third prong grounds the device and carries stray current safely away
3. CThe third prong connects the device to a backup battery
4. DThe third prong lets the device draw a higher voltage from the wall socket

How should a nurse clean a stethoscope between patients?

1. ARinse it under running water and dry it on a towel
2. BWipe the diaphragm and tubing with an alcohol or approved disinfectant wipe
3. CSend it to be sterilized in an autoclave after every single patient contact
4. DClean it once a week, unless it is visibly dirty

How is a urine specimen for culture obtained from an indwelling catheter?

1. AFrom the urine already collected in the drainage bag at the bedside
2. BBy disconnecting the catheter from the drainage tubing
3. CBy removing the catheter and sending its tip for culture
4. DFrom the sampling port, after cleaning it, using aseptic technique

A patient has botulism after eating contaminated food. Which precautions are needed?

1. AAirborne precautions
2. BContact precautions
3. CDroplet precautions
4. DStandard precautions

A patient with delirium is at risk of falls and of pulling out lines. Which option is less restrictive than restraints?

1. AA vest restraint applied for the whole night
2. BFour side rails raised and the door closed so the patient stays in bed
3. CA trained sitter or video monitoring with staff nearby
4. DA sedative given every few hours as needed

A newly hired nurse has these hepatitis B results: HBsAg negative, anti-HBs positive, anti-HBc negative. What do they show?

1. AImmunity from hepatitis B vaccination
2. BA current hepatitis B infection
3. CNo immunity, so the vaccine is needed
4. DPast infection that has now cleared

A nurse teaches an older adult about preventing falls at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I wear shoes with non-slip soles around the house.”
2. B“I keep small rugs in the hall so my feet stay warm.”
3. C“I use night lights between my bedroom and the bathroom.”
4. D“I had grab bars put in next to the toilet.”